A pendulum which drops sand as it swings back and forth is shown. This pendulum has been swinging back and forth for about half an hour. The amplitude of the swings over time has gotten smaller due to friction. The direction the sand has dropped in has changed, originally the sand was being dropped back and forth toward and away from the camera, but after some time has passed the sand is now being dropped towards the first tick on the circle to the left of the one in the middle. What has caused the pendulum to change direction? The pendulum was released crooked. The Earth's rotation. Gravity. The Coriolis effect.
Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
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