A pendulum is lifted to a certain height and then released, which causes the pendulum to swing back and forth. If energy losses due to friction and air resistance can be ignored, when is the energy of the system at its maximum value? A. The total energy of the system peaks when the pendulum is at its maximum height. B. The total energy of the system is constant throughout the periodic motion. C. The total energy of the system peaks when all forces are in equilibrium D. The total energy of the system peaks when the pendulum is at its fastest velocity.
Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
The total energy relation is given as
The potential energy of the simple pendulum is converted into kinetic energy.
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