A password has n characters ordered in a row. Each character can be either a letter A,B,C or a number 0,1,2. The password MUST start with a letter and satisfy the restrictions following (applied unless a character ends the password). A can be followed by any letter; and 0,1,2 can be followed by any number. B can be followed by A or any number. C can be followed by A or any number Let X, be the number of passwords, give an explicit formula for X, and compute the limit of Xp+1/Xn
Permutations and Combinations
If there are 5 dishes, they can be relished in any order at a time. In permutation, it should be in a particular order. In combination, the order does not matter. Take 3 letters a, b, and c. The possible ways of pairing any two letters are ab, bc, ac, ba, cb and ca. It is in a particular order. So, this can be called the permutation of a, b, and c. But if the order does not matter then ab is the same as ba. Similarly, bc is the same as cb and ac is the same as ca. Here the list has ab, bc, and ac alone. This can be called the combination of a, b, and c.
Counting Theory
The fundamental counting principle is a rule that is used to count the total number of possible outcomes in a given situation.
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