A particular DNA sequence encodes for MRNA that then encodes for the amino acid glutamate in aprotein. A mutation occurs in the DNA that changes the MRNA codon for the glutamate into a differentcodon. Which change would cause the least disruption to the structure of the protein? Hint: Thinkabout the nature of the various R groups (side-chains) of the amino acids, and how intermolecularforces/interactions govern the way a protein folds into its three-dimensional structure.The codon for the glutamate is changed into a stop codon.The codon for the glutamate is changed into the codon for aspartate.O The codon for the glutamate is changed into the codon for phenylalanine.O The codon for the glutamate is changed into the codon for serine.

Name: A particular DNA sequence encodes for MRNA that then encodes for the
Uploaded: 2024-03-20T06:42:41.000Z
Channel: Bartleby
Description: A particular DNA sequence encodes for MRNA that then encodes for the amino acid glutamate in aprotein. A mutation occurs in the DNA that changes the MRNA codon for the glutamate into a differentcodon. Which change would cause the least disruption to

In translation, the newly formed mRNA is decoded in a ribosome. The ribosomes facilitate decoding by binding of complementary tRNA (transfer RNA) anticodon sequences to mRNA codons. The tRNAs carry specific amino acids that are chained together into a polypeptide as the mRNA passes through and is translated (read) by the ribosome. After translation, a specific amino acid chain (polypeptide) is produced. The polypeptide later folds into an active protein and performs its functions in the cell. A codon is a trinucleotide sequence of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) or mRNA (messenger RNA) that corresponds to a specific amino acid (For example UGA, AAU, GAC, AUG). There are 64 possible codons according to the genetic code (the genetic code is the set of rules used by the living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material, that is DNA or mRNA into proteins). An anticodon is a trinucleotide sequence complementary to that of a corresponding codon in a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence. An anticodon is found at the anticodon loop of the tRNA. An anticodon is the three-base sequence, paired with a specific amino acid, that a tRNA molecule brings to the corresponding codon of the mRNA during translation.The codon for the glutamate is changed into a stop codon. The mRNA codon for glutamate is GAA and GAG. The stop codons are UGA, UAG, and UAA. The protein synthesis stops when the ribosome encounters a stop codon. This will stop the amino acid synthesis and disrupt the final protein structure. The codon for the glutamate is changed into the codon for aspartate. The mRNA codon for glutamate is GAA and GAG. The mRNA codon for aspartate is GAU and GAC. The codons for glutamate and aspartate are similar with only one difference at the third nucleotide base. Glutamate and Aspartate both have negative charged R groups. Glutamate and Aspartate have similar isoelectric points (pI). The pI of Glutamate is 3.22 and the pI of Aspartate is 2.77. The similarity in the nature of R groups and similar pI, makes Aspartate an excellent replacement of Glutamate which would cause the least disruption to the structure of protein. The codon for the glutamate is changed into the codon for phenylalanine. The mRNA codon for glutamate is GAA and GAG. The mRNA codon for phenylalanine is UUU and UUC. The codon sequence of glutamate and phenylalanine is very different. Glutamate has negatively charged R groups. Phenylalanine has aromatic R groups. The difference in the nature of the R groups will affect the peptide bond formation further affecting the protein structure. The codon for the glutamate is changed into the codon for serine. The mRNA codon for glutamate is GAA and GAG. The mRNA codon for serine is UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU, and AGC. The codon sequence of glutamate and serine is very different. Glutamate has negatively charged R groups. Serine is polar in nature and has uncharged R groups. The difference in the nature of the R groups will affect the peptide bond formation further affecting the protein structure. Therefore the correct answer is The codon for the glutamate is changed into the codon for aspartate.