### Understanding Palindromes and Nearly-PalindromesA **palindrome** is a sequence that reads the same forwards and backwards. For example, the word **"RACECAR"** is a palindrome.For this problem, we introduce the concept of an **almost palindrome**. An almost palindrome is a sequence that can be transformed into its reverse with 2 or fewer character additions, deletions, replacements, or swaps. A character swap involves swapping two adjacent characters.#### Examples:- **"MARJORAM"** can be reversed by swapping the 'J' and the 'O'.- **"FOOLPROOF"** can be reversed by replacing 'R' with 'L' and vice versa.- The word **"BONOBO"** can be reversed by deleting the final 'O' and reinserting it at the beginning.---### Dynamic Programming AlgorithmThe goal is to devise a dynamic programming algorithm to determine the number of edits necessary to transform a sequence into its reverse. Here are the steps:1. **State the Problem with Formal Input and Output Conditions.**2. **State a Self-Reduction for This Problem.**3. **Develop a Dynamic Programming Algorithm Based on the Self-Reduction.**4. **Determine the Minimum Number of Edits for Given Sequences Using the Algorithm.**#### a) Problem Statement**Input:** A string `S` of length `n`.**Output:** The minimum number of edits (additions, deletions, replacements, swaps) required to transform `S` into its reverse, and whether it qualifies as an almost palindrome.#### b) Self-Reduction- **Base Case:** If the length of `S` is 0 or 1, `S` is already a palindrome, so the required edits are 0.- **Recursive Case:** - If the first and last characters of `S` are the same, the problem reduces to the same problem on the substring `S[1:-1]`. - Otherwise, consider the following possible edits: - Replace the first character with the last character, or vice versa. - Delete the first character or the last character. - Swap the first two characters, then solve the subproblem for `S[2:]`.#### c) Dynamic Programming AlgorithmLet `dp[i][j]` represent the minimum number of edits required to transform the substring `S[i:j+1

dp[i, j] — minimum number of operations to convert substring s[i..j] into palindrome. Below are the…

A palindrome is a sequence that is the same as its reverse. For example, the word "RACECAR" is a palindrome. For this problem we will define an almost palindrome to be a sequence that can be transformed into its reverse with 2 or fewer character additions, deletions, replacements, or swaps. A character swap swaps two adjacent characters. For instance "MARJORAM" can be reversed by swapping the 'J' and the 'O'. In addition, "FOOLPROOF" can be reversed by replacing the 'R' with and 'L' and vice versa. Finally, the word "BONOBO" can be reversed by deleting the final 'O' and reinserting it at the beginning. Devise a dynamic programming algorithm that will determine the number of edits necessary to to transform a sequence into its reverse. a) State this problem with formal input and output conditions. b) State a self-reduction for this problem. c) State a dynamic programming algorithm based off of your self-reduction that computes the minimum number of edits to transform a sequence into its reverse. d) Use your algorithm to determine the minimum number of edits to transform "MARJORAM", "FOOLPROOF" and "BONOBO" into their reverses. Show your work.

A palindrome is a sequence that is the same as its reverse. For example, the word "RACECAR" is a palindrome. For this problem we will define an almost palindrome to be a sequence that can be transformed into its reverse with 2 or fewer character additions, deletions, replacements, or swaps. A character swap swaps two adjacent characters. For instance "MARJORAM" can be reversed by swapping the 'J' and the 'O'. In addition, "FOOLPROOF" can be reversed by replacing the 'R' with and 'L' and vice versa. Finally, the word "BONOBO" can be reversed by deleting the final 'O' and reinserting it at the beginning. Devise a dynamic programming algorithm that will determine the number of edits necessary to to transform a sequence into its reverse. a) State this problem with formal input and output conditions. b) State a self-reduction for this problem. c) State a dynamic programming algorithm based off of your self-reduction that computes the minimum number of edits to transform a sequence into its reverse. d) Use your algorithm to determine the minimum number of edits to transform "MARJORAM", "FOOLPROOF" and "BONOBO" into their reverses. Show your work.

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Write a program in C that will find the largest number from a 4X4 matrix and divide each element of the odd columns of that matrix by that largest number and store in a new matrix then print the matrix. Take inputs from user. Use the following prototype:void normalizeMatrix(int rowSize, int colSize, float mat[rowSize][colSize])void printMatrix(int rowSize, int colSize, float mat[rowSize][colSize])
Old MathJax webview provide answer as soon as possible
I. Given a pointer to a singly linked linear list write an algorithm which will take every node that has in the information field a negative number and put it at the front of the list and deletes every node that has a value between 250 and 500 in its information field. You have one external pointer to the front of the list (don't forget trailing pointers).
Imagine you are reading in a stream of integers. Periodically, you wish to be able to look up the rank of a number x (the number of values less than or equal to x). Design the data structures and algorithms to support these operations. That is, design an algorithm track (int x), which is used when each number is generated, and an algorithm getRankOfNumber(int x), which returns the number of values less than or equal to x (not including x itself). track (int x) and getRank(int x) operations can be interleaved. Example Stream(in order of appearance): 5, 1, 4, 4, 5, 9, 7, 13, 3 getRankOfNumber(1) = 0 getRankOfNumber(3) = 1 getRankOfNumber(4) = 3
Write a C program like this read a number from user such as Key1=1556 find 1156=x(mod100) assign x to an array A[] as xth index. Print A[x]
Write a C program to find words in a word search. User types the word and the program confirms which row and column it is in from the word search that is 4 by 4. Word Search: W B N Z E T A G A F B C T A I L Implement the function: void search2D(char wrd[], int wordSize, const int size, char grid[size][size]);
Ravi loves strings very much but he loves palindromic strings even more. Today he found an old rope in his garage. The string is so old that some of its characters have disappeared and cannot be identified now. Blurred letters in the character unit are represented by '.' and the other letters are Latin letters of the word ['a' - 'z']. The palindrome ravi has decided to build a very small palindrome according to the dictionary by filling in each diminished letter ('.') In Latin with a lowercase letter. Can you help her finish the job using Java programming language? Input 1 cb.bc Output cbabc
# Pytorch Deep Learning(python) # Answer according following code import numpy as np import json img_codes = np.load("data/image_codes.npy") captions = json.load(open('data/captions_tokenized.json')) for img_i in range(len(captions)): for caption_i inrange(len(captions[img_i])): sentence = captions[img_i][caption_i] captions[img_i][caption_i] = ["#START#"] + sentence.split(' ') + ["#END#"] # Build a Vocabulary from collections import Counter word_counts = Counter() # Compute word frequencies for each word in captions. See code above for data structure # YOUR CODE HERE #Check your solution below and Testing condition:- vocab = ['#UNK#', '#START#', '#END#', '#PAD#'] vocab += [k for k, v in word_counts.items() if v >= 5 if k not in vocab] n_tokens = len(vocab) assert 10000 <= n_tokens <= 10500 #for reference and more detail go to --->…
Write java program to create one dimensional array (MyList) of size 10, initialize its first two elements by reading them from the keyboard. Use for loop to fill its other eight elements such that each element is the sum of the previous two elements (i.e. the third element is the sum of first element and second element, and so on).
Task Given a string str and one of its character ch, the coverage of ch is computed as the number of elements between its leftmost and rightmost appearances (inclusive). For example, if str="babaac" and ch='a' then its leftmost and rightmost appearances occur at indices 1 and 4, respectively. Thus, the coverage of ch is 4. In this example, if ch='b' then its coverage is 3 since its leftmost and rightmost appearances occur at indices 0 and 2. Also, if ch='c', its coverage is 1. Write a function named findMaxCoverage that . takes a string (str) and its size (n) as given below int findMaxCoverage (char str[], int n) . returns the maximum coverage in str. For example, . if str "babaac", then the call findMaxCoverage (str, 6) should return 4, since this is the maximum of all character coverages found in the string, i.e., coverage of 'a' is 4, coverage of 'b' is 3, coverage of 'c' is 1. • if str="abcdefg", then the call findMaxCoverage (str, 7) the function should return 1 since all…
Write an R program that makes a dotplot of two DNA sequences S1= ATGCTA and S2= ATTCTA by plotting a dot at every position where the two sequences share an identical letter. Use the function “makeDotPlot1()” to make a dotplot between sequences setting the argument “dotsize” to 0.1 (this determines the radius of each dot plotted). Do you find the same regions and if not, can you explain why?
Question 5: A 2D matrix can be represented as a list and a column count value in Python. For example, the 3x3 matrix 1 2 3 45 6 7 8 9 can be row-wise represented as ([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], 3), where the number 3 represents the number of columns in the matrix. Similarly, 135 2 4 6 becomes ([1,3,5,2,4,6], 3). A submatrix can be defined as an (1,r,t,b) tuple, where 1 and r are left and right column indices, andt and b are top and bottom row indices (all inclusive). Write representing a matrix, and the column count of the matrix, along with another tuple representing a specific submatrix, and returns the list representation of the submatrix along with its column count as a tuple. For example, given function that takes a tuple containing the list submatrix(([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12], 4), (1,2,0,1)) returns: ([2,3,6,7], 2) because, ([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12], 4) represents: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 and (1,2,0,1) represents the submatrix between column indices 1 and 2 (both inclusive),…