A nitrogen gas bubble begins to form in the left knee joint of a deep sea diver just before they begin their ascent to the surface. The nitrogen gas bubble in the knee has a volume of 0.0125 mL when the diver begins to ascend from a depth of 105 feet where the pressure is 4.15 atm and the temperature is 10.5 degrees Celsius. Show how to determine and then calculate the volume of this nitrogen gas bubble in mL at the surface where the pressure is 0.998 atm and the temperature is 29.5 degrees Celsius. You may assume that the number of moles of nitrogen gas in the bubble is constant. Use the factor label method where applicable. Round off to significant digits.
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
A nitrogen gas bubble begins to form in the left knee joint of a deep sea diver just before they begin their ascent to the surface. The nitrogen gas bubble in the knee has a volume of 0.0125 mL when the diver begins to ascend from a depth of 105 feet where the pressure is 4.15 atm and the temperature is 10.5 degrees Celsius. Show how to determine and then calculate the volume of this nitrogen gas bubble in mL at the surface where the pressure is 0.998 atm and the temperature is 29.5 degrees Celsius. You may assume that the number of moles of nitrogen gas in the bubble is constant. Use the factor label method where applicable. Round off to significant digits.
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