A New York Times article reported that a survey conducted in 2014 included 36,000 adults, with 3.65% of them being regular users of e-cigarettes. Because e-cigarette use is relatively new, there is aneed to obtain today's usage rate. How many adults must be surveyed now if a confidence level of 90% and a margin of error of 1.5 percentage points are wanted? Complete parts (a) through (c) below.a. Assume that nothing is known about the rate of e-cigarette usage among adults.n=(Round up to the nearest integer.)b. Use the results from the 2014 survey.n(Round up to the nearest integer.)c. Does the use of the result from the 2014 survey have much of an effect on the sample size?O A. Yes, using the result from the 2014 survey only slightly increases the sample size.O B. Yes, using the result from the 2014 survey dramatically reduces the sample size.O C. No, using the result from the 2014 survey does not change the sample size.O D. No, using the result from the 2014 survey only slightly reduces the sample size.

Given:To find the sample size needed to estimate the current usage rate of e-cigarettes among adults with a confidence level of 90% and a margin of error of 1.5% points, we use the formula:Here we assume , which gives the maximum sample size needed. Plugging the values, we get:The sample size should be 3006. The critical value is calculated using the following excel function:=ABS(NORM.S.INV(0.1/2))If we use result from the 2014 survey, which found that 3.65% of adults were regular users of e-cigarettes, we can use this as an estimate of the current population proportion. Substituting into the formula, we get:The sample size required is 423.The use of result from 2014 survey significantly reduces the required sample size. Without any information we needed a sample of 3006 to estimate the usage rate with a 90% confidence level and a margin of error of 1.5% points. However, using the result from the 2014 survey as an estimate of the current population proportion, we only need a sample size of 423, which is almost seven times smaller. Therefore, the correct option is B). "Yes, using the result from the 2014 survey dramatically reduces the sample size".a) The sample size should be 3006. b) The sample size required is 423. c) The correct option is B)."Yes, using the result from the 2014 survey dramatically reduces the sample size".