A mixture of butane and oxygen gases are contained in a cylinder with a moveable piston lid. A spark is applied to the gases, causing them to combust and form carbon dioxide and water. The product gases expand, pushing the cylinder lid outwards. The hot product gases in the cylinder also lose heat to the surrounding air. Which one of the following statements is true? A) AE is positive, q is positive, w is positive B) AE is positive, q is negative, w is negative C) AE is negative, q is negative, w is negative D) AE is negative, q is negative, w is positive
A mixture of butane and oxygen gases are contained in a cylinder with a moveable piston lid. A spark is applied to the gases, causing them to combust and form carbon dioxide and water. The product gases expand, pushing the cylinder lid outwards. The hot product gases in the cylinder also lose heat to the surrounding air. Which one of the following statements is true? A) AE is positive, q is positive, w is positive B) AE is positive, q is negative, w is negative C) AE is negative, q is negative, w is negative D) AE is negative, q is negative, w is positive
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
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Transcribed Image Text:**Thermodynamics Question: Energy Transfer in a Combustion Reaction**
A mixture of butane and oxygen gases are contained in a cylinder with a moveable piston lid. A spark is applied to the gases, causing them to combust and form carbon dioxide and water. The product gases expand, pushing the cylinder lid outwards. The hot product gases in the cylinder also lose heat to the surrounding air. Which one of the following statements is true?
A) ΔE is positive, q is positive, w is positive
B) ΔE is positive, q is negative, w is negative
C) ΔE is negative, q is negative, w is negative
D) ΔE is negative, q is negative, w is positive
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### Explanation:
This question tests your understanding of energy changes in a chemical reaction, particularly combustion, and the concepts of heat (q), work (w), and changes in internal energy (ΔE) in thermodynamics.
**ΔE** represents the change in internal energy of the system.
**q** represents the heat exchanged (absorbed or released) by the system.
**w** represents the work done by or on the system.
In this scenario:
- The combustion of butane and oxygen is an exothermic reaction (releases heat), so **q is negative**.
- The gases expand and push the piston, doing work on the surroundings, so **w is negative** (work is done by the system).
With both heat being released and work being done by the system, **ΔE** (total internal energy change) will be negative, indicating a decrease in the system’s internal energy.
Hence, the correct answer is:
C) ΔE is negative, q is negative, w is negative
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