A mixtu cylinder has a piston that moves in or out, as necessary, to keep a constant pressure on the mixture of 1 atm. The cylinder is also submerged in a large insulated water bath. (See sketch at right.) gaseous reactants is put into a cylinder, where a chemical reaction turns them into gaseous products. The 1 atm pressure piston cylinder From previous experiments, this chemical reaction is known to absorb 358. kJ of energy. water bath The temperature of the water bath is monitored, and it is determined from this data that 226. kJ of heat flows out of the gases system during the reaction. O exothermic Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? O endothermic O up ? Does the temperature of the water bath go up or down? O down O neither O in Does the piston move in or out? O out O neither O does work Does the gas mixture do work, or is work done on it? O work is done on it O neither How much work is done on (or by) the gas mixture? Round your answer to 3 significant digits.
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
![A mixtu
cylinder has a piston that moves in or out, as necessary, to keep a constant pressure on the mixture of 1 atm. The
cylinder is also submerged in a large insulated water bath. (See sketch at right.)
gaseous reactants is put into a cylinder, where a chemical reaction turns them into gaseous products. The
1 atm pressure
piston
cylinder
From previous experiments, this chemical reaction is known to absorb 358. kJ of energy.
water bath
gases
The temperature of the water bath is monitored, and it is determined from this data that 226. kJ of heat flows out of the
system during the reaction.
exothermic
Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
]x10
endothermic
Does the temperature of the water bath go up or
down?
dn
down
neither
in
Does the piston move in or out?
out
neither
does work
Does the gas mixture do work, or is work done
on it?
work is done on it
neither
How much work is done on (or by) the gas
kJ
mixture? Round your answer to 3 significant
digits.
Explanation
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