A market research firm conducts telephone surveys with a 43% historical response rate. a. What is the probability that in a new sample of 400 telephone numbers, at least 160 individuals will cooperate and respond to the questions? In other words, what is the probability that the sample proportion will be at least 160/400 = 0.4? Calculate the standard error to 4 decimals.   Calculate the probability to 4 decimals, showing your steps along the way. P( ≥  ) = P(z ≥  ) =   b. If a follow-up study was completed a year later with only 64 telephone numbers, what is the probability that the response rate was between 41% and 45%? Calculate the standard error to 4 decimals.   Calculate the probability to 4 decimals, showing your steps along the way.

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A: Given, Sample size, n = 100 Population proportion, p =0.8 Z = p^-pp1-pn

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A:

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Types of Bias

Statistics is the study of data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Statistical bias is a characteristic of a statistical technique or its findings in which the expected value deviates from the actual root quantitative parameter being estimated. According to the actual definition of bias, it refers to the tendency of a statistic to overestimate or underestimate a parameter.