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- A pharmaceutical company develops a vaccine against malaria, a disease that kills large numbers of people worldwide. This vaccine market presents Opositive externalities Onegative externalities Opublic goods Osocial cost and as a result Othe private demand for vaccine is greater than the social demand Othe social demand for vaccines is greater than the private demand Othe market will result in an over production of vaccines Othe price of the vaccine will be too low to generate profitfor the firm ZER F11 F12 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 prt s16. A pharmaceutical company develops a vaccine against malaria, a disease that kills large numbers of people worldwide. This vaccine market presents Opositive externalities Onegative externalities Opublic goods Osocial cost and as a result Othe private demand for vaccine is greater than the social demand Othe social demand for vaccines is greater than the private demand Othe market will result in an over production of vaccines Othe price of the vaccine will be too low to generate profitfor the firmMarginal Benefit (MB) MBBETA to Firm MBALPHA Tax = $100 25 50 75 100 Emissions (tons) Figure 16.5 Figure 16.5 shows the marginal benefits of emitting pollution for the only two chemical companies in an industry, Alpha Chemicals and Beta Chemicals. Before any tax on pollution emissions is imposed, each company views pollution as being free. Refer to Figure 16.5. The government decides to impose a tax on pollution of $100 per ton of emissions. Which of the follow are true? (Select all that are true) O a. As a result of the tax, the total emissions will decrease by 50 units O b. As a result of the tax, both firms will decrease emissions by the same amount O c. As a result of the tax, Alpha will cut more emissions than Beta O d. Before the tax, Beta produced more emissions than Alpha O e. The amount of tax collected is $2500 O f. After the tax, Beta will produce 50 tons more than Alpha Og. The tax was intended to decrease production by 50 units for each firm. O h. As a result of the tax,…
- Price Ssocial Sinternal $7.00 $6.00 $5.00 D $4.00 Dinternal 3,000 3,500 Quantity externality. In the market shown in the diagram above, there is a Select one: a. negative production b. negative consumption c. positive production d. positive consumptionFigure 10-1 Social Cost Supply 3.00 2.80 2.07 1.50 Demand 24 30 38 50 QUANTITY (Units oftobacco) Refer to Figure 10-1. This graph represents the tobacco industry. The industry creates O a. positive externalities. O b.no equilibrium isthe market. OC. negative externalities. O'd.no externalities. PRICE (Dollars per unit)Determine the type of market failure represented by the scenario below. Buying a used appliance on Ebay Select one: O a. negative externality Ob. public good Oc positive externality O d. tragedy of the commons e. asymmetric information
- cap-and-trade and windfall profitsA city called Seoul is suffering from high concentrations of mercury in the air, caused by burningcoal in power plants. There are two of these plants close to the city. The city’s mayor wants touse cap-and-trade to reduce emissions to a reportedly “safe” level of 60 tons. The two firms havethe following marginal benefits of emissions: MB1 = 100 – 2e1, MB2 = 25 – 0.5e2.a. How much mercury will each firm emit? What allowance price will prevail in themarket?Firm 2 hires a smart lobbyist who convinces the government that its profits are relatively low andthat it therefore deserves a generous allowance allocation. The government agrees and allocatesa1 = 20 allowances to firm 1 (for free) and a2 = 40 allowances to firm 2 (for free).b. What are the firms’ profits? Do any of the firms earn windfall profits? [Hint: compareprofits with and without regulation.] Windfall profits have been sharply criticized by consumer advocacy groups and politicians.c. What can…Only typed answer and please don't use chatgpt The inverse demand for leather is given by P = 50-0.5Q. The industry supply of leather is determined by its marginal cost: MC = 0.4Q. Unfortunately, the production of leather causes noxious chemical residue to leach into groundwater supplies. The external marginal cost caused by these residues grows with the amount of output, and is measured as EMC = 0.05Q. 1A. How many leather is produced in the free market if the externality is not corrected. B) What is the free market price of the leather if the externality is not corrected? C) What is the social marginal cost?10. A local drama company proposes a new neighborhood theater in San Francisco. Before approving the permit, the city planner completes a study of the theater's impact on the surrounding community. a. One finding of the study is that the theaters attract traffic, which adversely affects the community. The city planner estimates that the cost to the community from the extra traffic is $5 per ticket. What kind of an externality is this? Why? b. Graph the market for theater tickets, labeling the demand curve, the social-value curve, the supply curve, the social-cost curve, the market equilibrium level of output. Also show the per-unit amount of the externality. c. Upon further review, the city planner uncovers a second externality. Rehearsals for the plays tend to run until late at night, with actors, stagehands, and other theater members coming and going at various hours. The planner has found that the increased foot traffic improves the safety of the surrounding streets, an estimated…
- When externalities are present in a market ... Omarket equilibrium cannot be reached Othe equilibrium price and quantity are too high Othe equilibrium price in the market is not efficient Oonly the equilibrium quantity is efficient RAZERThe following graph shows market equilibrium in the presence of an externality in an economy. The equilibrium level of output for the firm is _____. Figure 17.1 Show Transcribed Text a. 0 units b. between 0 and 100 units c. 160 units d. 100 units e. between 100 and 160 unitsThis graph represents the tobacco industry. IPrice 16 14 Social Cost 12 10 Private Cost 8 6 4 Demand 200 500 650 Quantity a) Without any government intervention, what is the market determined price and quantity? b) What is the price of the externality? c) What is the socially optimal price and quantity? d) What should the government do (impose a tax or provide a subsidy) to internalize this externality? What is the amount of the the corrective tax/subsidy needed to be to move the outcome from the market equilibrium to the socially-optimal outcome?