A manufacturer of a flu vaccine is concerned about the quality of its flu serum. Batches of serum are processed by three different departments having rejection rates of 0.10, 0.08, and 0.12, respectively. The inspections by the three departments are sequential and independent. (a) What is the probability that a batch of serum survives the first departmental inspection but is rejected by the second department? (b) What is the probability that a batch of serum is rejected by the third department?

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# Probability and Quality Inspection in Vaccine Manufacturing

## Question

A manufacturer of a flu vaccine is concerned about the quality of its flu serum. Batches of serum are processed by three different departments, each having rejection rates of 0.10, 0.08, and 0.12, respectively. The inspections by these departments are sequential and independent.

### Problem Statements

(a) What is the probability that a batch of serum survives the first departmental inspection but is rejected by the second department?

(b) What is the probability that a batch of serum is rejected by the third department?

## Explanation

This problem involves calculating probabilities based on rejection rates during a sequential inspection process. Each department's inspection is independent, allowing probabilities to be calculated separately and then combined as necessary.

1. **For Part (a):**  
   - Calculate the probability of surviving the first department and being rejected by the second.
   - Use the rejection rates to determine the likelihood at each step.

2. **For Part (b):**  
   - Determine the probability of reaching the third department and being rejected there using the rejection rate given.

These calculations are essential for manufacturers to understand and improve their quality control processes by identifying where most rejections occur.
Transcribed Image Text:# Probability and Quality Inspection in Vaccine Manufacturing ## Question A manufacturer of a flu vaccine is concerned about the quality of its flu serum. Batches of serum are processed by three different departments, each having rejection rates of 0.10, 0.08, and 0.12, respectively. The inspections by these departments are sequential and independent. ### Problem Statements (a) What is the probability that a batch of serum survives the first departmental inspection but is rejected by the second department? (b) What is the probability that a batch of serum is rejected by the third department? ## Explanation This problem involves calculating probabilities based on rejection rates during a sequential inspection process. Each department's inspection is independent, allowing probabilities to be calculated separately and then combined as necessary. 1. **For Part (a):** - Calculate the probability of surviving the first department and being rejected by the second. - Use the rejection rates to determine the likelihood at each step. 2. **For Part (b):** - Determine the probability of reaching the third department and being rejected there using the rejection rate given. These calculations are essential for manufacturers to understand and improve their quality control processes by identifying where most rejections occur.
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