A man shines a flashlight from a boat into the water, illuminating a rock as in the figure below. What is the angle of incidence ₁ (in degrees)? HINT O 2.72 mi 02 -2.05 m-
Ray Optics
Optics is the study of light in the field of physics. It refers to the study and properties of light. Optical phenomena can be classified into three categories: ray optics, wave optics, and quantum optics. Geometrical optics, also known as ray optics, is an optics model that explains light propagation using rays. In an optical device, a ray is a direction along which light energy is transmitted from one point to another. Geometric optics assumes that waves (rays) move in straight lines before they reach a surface. When a ray collides with a surface, it can bounce back (reflect) or bend (refract), but it continues in a straight line. The laws of reflection and refraction are the fundamental laws of geometrical optics. Light is an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength that falls within the visible spectrum.
Converging Lens
Converging lens, also known as a convex lens, is thinner at the upper and lower edges and thicker at the center. The edges are curved outwards. This lens can converge a beam of parallel rays of light that is coming from outside and focus it on a point on the other side of the lens.
Plano-Convex Lens
To understand the topic well we will first break down the name of the topic, ‘Plano Convex lens’ into three separate words and look at them individually.
Lateral Magnification
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![**Title: Calculating the Angle of Incidence - Snell’s Law Application**
**Description:**
In the presented scenario, a man is positioned on a boat, directing a flashlight into the water. The light illuminates a rock beneath the water's surface. The task is to calculate the angle of incidence, denoted as \(\theta_1\).
**Diagram Explanation:**
- The man on the boat shines a beam of light, represented as a blue arrow, onto a rock located underwater.
- The interface between the air and water is depicted as a horizontal line at the water's surface.
- The angle \(\theta_1\) is formed between the incident light ray and the normal (vertical dashed line) to the water surface.
- The angle \(\theta_2\) is formed between the refracted light ray (as it travels within the water) and the normal.
- Measurements provided:
- The vertical distance from the water surface to the point of incidence is 2.72 meters.
- The horizontal distance from the point of incidence to the rock is 2.05 meters.
**Hint Box:**
- A hint box is included with an input box for entering an angle in degrees.
To determine the angle of incidence \(\theta_1\), apply the concepts of refraction, taking into consideration Snell's Law and the geometry of the triangle formed by the light path.
\[ \text{Snell's Law: } n_1 \sin(\theta_1) = n_2 \sin(\theta_2) \]
Where:
- \(n_1\) is the refractive index of air (approx. 1.0)
- \(n_2\) is the refractive index of water (approx. 1.33)
Using these principles, solve for the angles using the provided diagram measurements.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F93d9f4fa-0622-4417-979d-12a19703a696%2Fdf358aaf-f4a9-4d8b-b6d0-06a99942932a%2Fukp6qf_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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