A man pushes a m kg block of ice across a frozen lake by applying force F at an angle below the horizontal. The coefficient of static friction for ice on ice is 0.0300 and the coefficient of kinetic friction for the same is 0.0100. The right is positive x direction and up is positive y direction for equations. Find an expression for the net force in the horizontal direction ZF,, at the threshold where static friction is at its maximum value and an expression for the net force in the vertical direction, ZF,. Find an expression for the magnitude of the applied force, F at the threshold where static friction is at its maximum and use it to find a numeric value in newtons, for the magnitude of the maximum applied force F, consistent with static friction when the force makes an angle 21° below the horizontal and the mass of the block is 42 kg. The block has started to move from rest, find an expression for the acceleration, a, of the block and use It to find the numeric value for the acceleration, a, in meters per second squared. The mass of the block is 42 kg and angle is 21° below the horizontal.

College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
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### Problem Description

A man pushes a block of ice with mass \( m \) kg across a frozen lake. The force applied, \( F \), is at an angle \( \theta \) below the horizontal. The coefficients of friction are provided: static friction (\( \mu_s = 0.0300 \)) and kinetic friction (\( \mu_k = 0.0100 \)). The right direction is positive for the x-axis and up is positive for the y-axis.

### Requirements

1. **Net Force in Horizontal Direction (\(\Sigma F_x\))**
   - Express the net force in the horizontal direction at the threshold where static friction is at its maximum.

2. **Net Force in Vertical Direction (\(\Sigma F_y\))**
   - Express the net force in the vertical direction.

3. **Magnitude of the Applied Force (\( F \))**
   - Calculate the magnitude of the applied force when the static friction is at its maximum and the block starts moving. The given parameters are: θ = 21° and mass \( m = 42 \) kg.

4. **Acceleration (\( a \))**
   - Find an expression for the acceleration (\( a \)) of the block once it starts moving and calculate its numerical value.

### Diagram Explanation

The diagram shows a block and a person applying force \( F \) at an angle \( \theta \) below the horizontal. The force and angle are indicated with arrows on the diagram.

### Calculations and Equations

1. **Horizontal Force (\(\Sigma F_x\))**
   - Equation: \(\Sigma F_x = F \cos(\theta) - \text{frictional force}\)
   - Frictional Force: \(\mu_s N\) where \( N \) is the normal force.

2. **Vertical Force (\(\Sigma F_y\))**
   - Equation: \(\Sigma F_y = N + F \sin(\theta) - mg = 0\)
   - Solve for the normal force \( N \).

3. **Maximum Applied Force (\( F \))**
   - Use static friction equation: \( \mu_s = \frac{F_{\text{max}}}{N} \)

4. **Acceleration (\( a \))**
   - Once the block starts moving: 
   - Equation: \( a = \frac{\Sigma F_x}{m} \)

These set of
Transcribed Image Text:### Problem Description A man pushes a block of ice with mass \( m \) kg across a frozen lake. The force applied, \( F \), is at an angle \( \theta \) below the horizontal. The coefficients of friction are provided: static friction (\( \mu_s = 0.0300 \)) and kinetic friction (\( \mu_k = 0.0100 \)). The right direction is positive for the x-axis and up is positive for the y-axis. ### Requirements 1. **Net Force in Horizontal Direction (\(\Sigma F_x\))** - Express the net force in the horizontal direction at the threshold where static friction is at its maximum. 2. **Net Force in Vertical Direction (\(\Sigma F_y\))** - Express the net force in the vertical direction. 3. **Magnitude of the Applied Force (\( F \))** - Calculate the magnitude of the applied force when the static friction is at its maximum and the block starts moving. The given parameters are: θ = 21° and mass \( m = 42 \) kg. 4. **Acceleration (\( a \))** - Find an expression for the acceleration (\( a \)) of the block once it starts moving and calculate its numerical value. ### Diagram Explanation The diagram shows a block and a person applying force \( F \) at an angle \( \theta \) below the horizontal. The force and angle are indicated with arrows on the diagram. ### Calculations and Equations 1. **Horizontal Force (\(\Sigma F_x\))** - Equation: \(\Sigma F_x = F \cos(\theta) - \text{frictional force}\) - Frictional Force: \(\mu_s N\) where \( N \) is the normal force. 2. **Vertical Force (\(\Sigma F_y\))** - Equation: \(\Sigma F_y = N + F \sin(\theta) - mg = 0\) - Solve for the normal force \( N \). 3. **Maximum Applied Force (\( F \))** - Use static friction equation: \( \mu_s = \frac{F_{\text{max}}}{N} \) 4. **Acceleration (\( a \))** - Once the block starts moving: - Equation: \( a = \frac{\Sigma F_x}{m} \) These set of
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