A major traffic problem in the Greater Cincinnati area involves traffic attempting to cross the Ohio River from Cincinnati to Kentucky using Interstate 75. Let us assume that the probability of no traffic delay in one period, given no traffic delay in the preceding period, is 0.95 and that the probability of finding a traffic delay in one period, given a delay in the preceding period, is 0.75. Traffic is classified as having either a delay or a no-delay state, and the period considered is 30 minutes. (a) Assume that you are a motorist entering the traffic system and receive a radio report of a traffic delay. What is the probability that for the next 60 minutes (two time periods) the system will be in the delay state? Note that this result is the probability of being in the delay state for two consecutive periods. = (b) What is the probability that in the long run the traffic will not be in the delay state? (Enter your probabilities as fractions.) No Traffic Delay Traffic Delay π 1 = (c) An important assumption of the Markov process models presented in this chapter has been the constant or stationary transition probabilities as the system operates in the future. Discuss this assumption in the context of this traffic problem. It ---Select-- safe to assume that the transition probabilities will be constant for this traffic problem. The transition probabilities of moving between states of Traffic Delay and No Traffic Delay ---Select--- change with the time of day.

A major traffic problem in the Greater Cincinnati area involves traffic attempting to cross the Ohio River from Cincinnati to Kentucky using Interstate 75. Let us assume that the probability of no traffic delay in one period, given no traffic delay in the preceding period, is 0.95 and that the probability of finding a traffic delay in one period, given a delay in the preceding period, is 0.75. Traffic is classified as having either a delay or a no-delay state, and the period considered is 30 minutes. (a) Assume that you are a motorist entering the traffic system and receive a radio report of a traffic delay. What is the probability that for the next 60 minutes (two time periods) the system will be in the delay state? Note that this result is the probability of being in the delay state for two consecutive periods. = (b) What is the probability that in the long run the traffic will not be in the delay state? (Enter your probabilities as fractions.) No Traffic Delay Traffic Delay π 1 = (c) An important assumption of the Markov process models presented in this chapter has been the constant or stationary transition probabilities as the system operates in the future. Discuss this assumption in the context of this traffic problem. It ---Select-- safe to assume that the transition probabilities will be constant for this traffic problem. The transition probabilities of moving between states of Traffic Delay and No Traffic Delay ---Select--- change with the time of day.