A line is recorded as 2550.60 ft. long. It is  measured with a 1.5 lb tape which is 100.25 ft long at 78 degrees F under a 10 lb pull supported  at end points. During measurement the temperature is 40 degrees F and the tape is suspended under a 16 lb pull. The line is measured on a 4% grade. What is the true horizontal distance? E = 28 X 10 to 6 psi ; A = 0.0044sq. in. ; k = 0.00000645/degree F.

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Traverse Survey

Traverse surveying is a popular method of surveying. Traversing is that type of survey where several connected survey lines form a framework and the directions and lengths of the survey lines are measured with the help of a tool to measure angles and tape or chain respectively. Traverse networks involve placing survey stations in a queue or trail and using pre-tested points as a basis for looking at the next point. This type of surveying is different from Tacheometric surveying, where only angles are measured and the process of chaining is reduced.