A horizontal spring with spring constant 130 N/m is compressed 17 cm and used to launch a 2.5 kg box across a frictionless, horizontal surface. After the box travels some distance, the surface becomes rough. The coefficient of kinetic friction of the box on the surface is 0.15. Use work and energy to find how far the box slides across the rough surface before stopping. Express your answer with the appropriate units. 1= μA Value Units ?
Kinematics
A machine is a device that accepts energy in some available form and utilizes it to do a type of work. Energy, work, or power has to be transferred from one mechanical part to another to run a machine. While the transfer of energy between two machine parts, those two parts experience a relative motion with each other. Studying such relative motions is termed kinematics.
Kinetic Energy and Work-Energy Theorem
In physics, work is the product of the net force in direction of the displacement and the magnitude of this displacement or it can also be defined as the energy transfer of an object when it is moved for a distance due to the forces acting on it in the direction of displacement and perpendicular to the displacement which is called the normal force. Energy is the capacity of any object doing work. The SI unit of work is joule and energy is Joule. This principle follows the second law of Newton's law of motion where the net force causes the acceleration of an object. The force of gravity which is downward force and the normal force acting on an object which is perpendicular to the object are equal in magnitude but opposite to the direction, so while determining the net force, these two components cancel out. The net force is the horizontal component of the force and in our explanation, we consider everything as frictionless surface since friction should also be calculated while called the work-energy component of the object. The two most basics of energy classification are potential energy and kinetic energy. There are various kinds of kinetic energy like chemical, mechanical, thermal, nuclear, electrical, radiant energy, and so on. The work is done when there is a change in energy and it mainly depends on the application of force and movement of the object. Let us say how much work is needed to lift a 5kg ball 5m high. Work is mathematically represented as Force ×Displacement. So it will be 5kg times the gravitational constant on earth and the distance moved by the object. Wnet=Fnet times Displacement.
Quesstion is attached.
![### Physics Problem: Spring and Friction
**Scenario:**
A horizontal spring with a spring constant of \(130 \, \text{N/m}\) is compressed \(17 \, \text{cm}\) and used to launch a \(2.5 \, \text{kg}\) box across a frictionless, horizontal surface. After the box travels some distance, the surface becomes rough. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the rough surface is \(0.15\).
**Question:**
Use work and energy principles to determine how far the box slides across the rough surface before it comes to a stop. Provide your answer with the appropriate units.
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**Solution Approach:**
To solve this problem, use the concepts of potential energy stored in the spring, kinetic energy, and work done by friction:
1. **Calculate the initial potential energy stored in the spring:**
\[
PE_{\text{spring}} = \frac{1}{2} k x^2
\]
where \(k = 130 \, \text{N/m}\) and \(x = 0.17 \, \text{m}\).
2. **Assess the conversion to kinetic energy:**
Since the surface is initially frictionless, all the spring's potential energy converts to kinetic energy as:
\[
KE = \frac{1}{2} m v^2
\]
where \(m = 2.5 \, \text{kg}\).
3. **Consider the rough surface:**
The work done by friction as the box slides is:
\[
W_{\text{friction}} = f_k \cdot d = \mu_k \cdot m \cdot g \cdot d
\]
where \(\mu_k = 0.15\), \(g = 9.81 \, \text{m/s}^2\), and \(d\) is the distance the box slides.
4. **Set the initial energy equal to the work done by friction:**
\[
PE_{\text{spring}} = W_{\text{friction}}
\]
5. **Solve for the distance \(d\).**
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**Interactive Component:**
In the text input area labeled "Value" and "Units," enter your calculated distance where the box will come to a halt. Make sure your answer reflects appropriate units](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1e3074a8-d80c-4263-ad1a-1962eb527ac9%2F7c2d5001-2eac-46f5-a63d-46222e280b1a%2Fdcossim_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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