A hallow cylindrical steel column with an outer diameter of 200 mm and an inner diameter of 180 mm is subjected to a compressive load of 200 kN. The yield strength of the steel is 250 MPa. Calculate the factor of safety for the column using the maximum normal stress theory.

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A: For solution refer below images.

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Axial Load

When a bar of the uniform cross-section is acted by a load, such that the load acts along the longitudinal axis of the bar, such kinds of loadings are known as axial loadings. In general terms, a load is an external force acting on a component. An axial load acts perpendicular to the geometric cross-section of the component. Based on the direction of the application of the load, an axial load can be tensile or compressive. The analysis of bodies under the action of axial loads is generally studied under the branch of mechanics, known as statics.