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A ¹H NMR spectrum is shown for a molecule with the holecular formula of C4H8O. Draw the structure that best fits this data. P

A ¹H NMR spectrum is shown for a molecule with the holecular formula of C4H8O. Draw the structure that best fits this data. P

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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### NMR Spectrum Analysis This image represents an NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectrum, typically used in chemistry to determine the structure of organic compounds. #### Graph Description - **X-Axis (ppm):** The horizontal axis represents the chemical shift in parts per million (ppm). It ranges from 0 to 11 ppm, which is the standard range for proton NMR spectroscopy. - **Y-Axis:** The vertical axis represents the intensity of the NMR signal, although it is not specifically labeled. - **Peak Description:** - There are multiple peaks visible between 0.5 to 3.5 ppm. - The most prominent peaks appear close to 0.9 ppm, 1.2 ppm, and around 2.5 ppm. - These peaks indicate the presence of hydrogen atoms in different chemical environments within the molecule. - **Coupling and Splitting:** - Some peaks display splitting patterns due to spin-spin coupling, which provides information about the number of neighboring hydrogen atoms. - The splitting is illustrated by smaller peaks within the main peaks, commonly referred to as multiplets. #### Annotations - The red curved lines above certain peaks indicate integral regions, showing the relative number of hydrogen atoms contributing to each peak. These integrals are used to quantify the ratio of hydrogen types present. #### Interpretation - **High Field Region (0-3 ppm):** This region typically indicates the presence of alkyl groups. The peaks within 0.5 to 2 ppm are likely due to hydrogens in simple alkane environments. - **Mid Field Region (3-5 ppm):** Although less prominent here, this region can indicate hydrogens attached to carbons next to electronegative atoms like oxygen. This spectrum provides valuable insights into the structure and chemical environment of the hydrogen atoms in the compound being analyzed.
Transcribed Image Text:### NMR Spectrum Analysis This image represents an NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectrum, typically used in chemistry to determine the structure of organic compounds. #### Graph Description - **X-Axis (ppm):** The horizontal axis represents the chemical shift in parts per million (ppm). It ranges from 0 to 11 ppm, which is the standard range for proton NMR spectroscopy. - **Y-Axis:** The vertical axis represents the intensity of the NMR signal, although it is not specifically labeled. - **Peak Description:** - There are multiple peaks visible between 0.5 to 3.5 ppm. - The most prominent peaks appear close to 0.9 ppm, 1.2 ppm, and around 2.5 ppm. - These peaks indicate the presence of hydrogen atoms in different chemical environments within the molecule. - **Coupling and Splitting:** - Some peaks display splitting patterns due to spin-spin coupling, which provides information about the number of neighboring hydrogen atoms. - The splitting is illustrated by smaller peaks within the main peaks, commonly referred to as multiplets. #### Annotations - The red curved lines above certain peaks indicate integral regions, showing the relative number of hydrogen atoms contributing to each peak. These integrals are used to quantify the ratio of hydrogen types present. #### Interpretation - **High Field Region (0-3 ppm):** This region typically indicates the presence of alkyl groups. The peaks within 0.5 to 2 ppm are likely due to hydrogens in simple alkane environments. - **Mid Field Region (3-5 ppm):** Although less prominent here, this region can indicate hydrogens attached to carbons next to electronegative atoms like oxygen. This spectrum provides valuable insights into the structure and chemical environment of the hydrogen atoms in the compound being analyzed.
**1H NMR Spectrum Analysis for C4H8O** A \( ^1H \) NMR spectrum is shown for a molecule with the molecular formula of \( \text{C}_4\text{H}_8\text{O} \). Draw the structure that best fits this data. **Spectrum Analysis:** - The x-axis of the spectrum represents chemical shift (ppm), ranging approximately from 0 to 11 ppm. - The y-axis represents the intensity of the signals. **Peaks Explanation:** 1. **0.9-1.2 ppm Region:** - A possible triplet, indicating the presence of a terminal methyl (\( CH_3 \)) group adjacent to a \( CH_2 \) group. 2. **2.0-2.5 ppm Region:** - Likely a quartet, characteristic of a methylene (\( CH_2 \)) group next to a single proton (like from an alkene or carbonyl group). 3. **3.5-4.0 ppm Region:** - This peak may represent a proton on an oxygen-bearing carbon, suggesting an alcohol or ether linkage (\( -CH_2-O- \)). The spectral data suggest possible presence of a terminal methyl group, an alkene or carbonyl environment, and a proton adjacent to an ether or alcohol group. These features should be considered when drawing the molecular structure of \( \text{C}_4\text{H}_8\text{O} \).
Transcribed Image Text:**1H NMR Spectrum Analysis for C4H8O** A \( ^1H \) NMR spectrum is shown for a molecule with the molecular formula of \( \text{C}_4\text{H}_8\text{O} \). Draw the structure that best fits this data. **Spectrum Analysis:** - The x-axis of the spectrum represents chemical shift (ppm), ranging approximately from 0 to 11 ppm. - The y-axis represents the intensity of the signals. **Peaks Explanation:** 1. **0.9-1.2 ppm Region:** - A possible triplet, indicating the presence of a terminal methyl (\( CH_3 \)) group adjacent to a \( CH_2 \) group. 2. **2.0-2.5 ppm Region:** - Likely a quartet, characteristic of a methylene (\( CH_2 \)) group next to a single proton (like from an alkene or carbonyl group). 3. **3.5-4.0 ppm Region:** - This peak may represent a proton on an oxygen-bearing carbon, suggesting an alcohol or ether linkage (\( -CH_2-O- \)). The spectral data suggest possible presence of a terminal methyl group, an alkene or carbonyl environment, and a proton adjacent to an ether or alcohol group. These features should be considered when drawing the molecular structure of \( \text{C}_4\text{H}_8\text{O} \).
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