a) Give the equation relating the acoustic impedance of a medium Z to its density p and the speed of sound/ultrasound in that medium c. b) The following table gives the density of some different media and the speed of ultrasound through them. Medium Air Fat Muscle Bone Density / kg m-³ 1.3 925 1075 1650 Ultrasound velocity / m s-¹ Ir = a(Proportion Reflection) = It 330 1450 1590 4080 (_ (Z₂-2₁)² (Z₂+Z₁)² Use this information and the above equation to calculate the ratio a of the reflected ultrasound intensity I, to the incident intensity I, at the interface between i) air and fat ii) fat and muscle iii) fat and bone c) Explain how the results of your calculations in part b) would influence the technique used by a clinician when performing echocardiography (ultrasound imaging of the heart). (at least 150 words)
Properties of sound
A sound wave is a mechanical wave (or mechanical vibration) that transit through media such as gas (air), liquid (water), and solid (wood).
Quality Of Sound
A sound or a sound wave is defined as the energy produced due to the vibrations of particles in a medium. When any medium produces a disturbance or vibrations, it causes a movement in the air particles which produces sound waves. Molecules in the air vibrate about a certain average position and create compressions and rarefactions. This is called pitch which is defined as the frequency of sound. The frequency is defined as the number of oscillations in pressure per second.
Categories of Sound Wave
People perceive sound in different ways, like a medico student takes sound as vibration produced by objects reaching the human eardrum. A physicist perceives sound as vibration produced by an object, which produces disturbances in nearby air molecules that travel further. Both of them describe it as vibration generated by an object, the difference is one talks about how it is received and other deals with how it travels and propagates across various mediums.
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Explain how the results of your calculations in part b) would influence the technique used by a clinician when performing echocardiography (ultrasound imaging of the heart). (at least 150 words)
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