a) For an altitude of 30 km (235 K), calculate the rate of 03 decomposition by nitric oxide for comparison with the rate of NO regeneration in the NO, catalytic cycle. b) Repeat the rate calculations at 30 km for the catalytic cycles involving HOx and CIOx. X+ O, E, / kJ mol k35 / cm molecules Concentration / A/ cm' molecules molecules cm 1.0 x 10° 2.0 x 10 1.4 x 10-10 3.9 1.9 x 101 OH 1.0 x 10 1.6 x 10-12 7.8 3.0 x 10-14 NO 5.0 x 10* 1.8 x 10-12 11.4 5.3 x 10-15 CI Very small 2.8 x 10-11 21 9.6 x 10-12
a) For an altitude of 30 km (235 K), calculate the rate of 03 decomposition by nitric oxide for comparison with the rate of NO regeneration in the NO, catalytic cycle. b) Repeat the rate calculations at 30 km for the catalytic cycles involving HOx and CIOx. X+ O, E, / kJ mol k35 / cm molecules Concentration / A/ cm' molecules molecules cm 1.0 x 10° 2.0 x 10 1.4 x 10-10 3.9 1.9 x 101 OH 1.0 x 10 1.6 x 10-12 7.8 3.0 x 10-14 NO 5.0 x 10* 1.8 x 10-12 11.4 5.3 x 10-15 CI Very small 2.8 x 10-11 21 9.6 x 10-12
Chemistry
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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:(a) For an altitude of 30 km (235 K), calculate the rate of Oz decomposition by nitric oxide for
comparison with the rate of NO regeneration in the NO, catalytic cycle.
(b) Repeat the rate calculations at 30 km for the catalytic cycles involving HOx and CIOx.
X+ O,
k35 / cm
molecule's
Concentration /
A/ cm' molecules
E, / kJ mol
molecules cm
1.0 x 10°
H
2.0 x 10
1.4 x 10-10
3.9
1.9 x 10-1
OH
1.0 x 10
1.6 x 10-12
7.8
3.0 x 10-14
NO
5.0 x 10*
1.8 x 10-12
11.4
5.3 x 10-15
CI
Very small
2.8 x 10-11
21
9.6 x 10-12
ХО + О
хо
Concentration /
A / cm' molecule's
E, / kJ mol
k35 / cm
molecules cm
molecules
5.0 x 1016
8 x 10-12
17.1
1.3 x 10-15
НО
1.0 x 10
2.3 x 10-11
2.3 x 10-11
HO,
2.5 x 107
2.2 x 10-1"
-0.1
2.3 x 10-
NO,
5.0 x 10°
9.3 x 10-12
9.3 x 10-12
CIO
2.0 x 107
4.7 x 10-11
0.4
3.8 x 10-1
" The concentrations of species shown are for an altitude of 30 km with the exception of that for CIO, which is for 35 km.
The ozone concentration at 30 km is 2.0 x 102 molecules cm. No value is given for chlorine. The mixing ratio of
chlorine-containing compounds throughout the stratosphere is about 3 ppbv at all altitudes. This corresponds to a
concentration of 5.1 x 10 molecules cm at 30 km. Only a small fraction of this is free chlorine. Concentrations are
derived from plots in Chamberlain, J.W., and D.M. Hunten, Theory of planetary atmospheres, Academic Press, London;
1987. The Arrhenius parameters are from Wayne, R.P., Chemistry of atmospheres, Clarendon Press, Oxford; 1991.
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