A fluid is contained in a cylinder by a spring-loaded, frictionless piston so that the pressure in the fluid is linear function of the volume (p = a + bV). The internal energy of the fluid is given by the following equation U = 34 + 3.15 pV where U is in kJ, p in kPa and V in cubic metre. If the fluid changes from an initial state of 173 kPa, 0.03 m3 to a final state of 400 kPa, 0.06 m3 , with no work other than that done on the piston, find the direction and magnitude of the work and heat transfer.

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Work and Heat Transfer

It is generally related to thermal engineering which tells about the use, creation, conversion and transfer of heat energy between the systems. It is also considered that to transfer heat from one source to another, transfer of masses is also required. There are various mechanisms by which, transfer of heat takes place i.e. thermal conduction, convection, radiation or by change of phase. All these mechanisms have their own specific features which sometimes occur simultaneously within the same system.