A Finnish study followed the development of 5,966 boys beginning before their birth and found that the incidence of delinquency (as defined by a criminal record by the age of 22) was more than doubled among the sons (10.3 percent) of women who smoked during their pregnancies compared with the sons (4.6 percent) of women who did not. One theory is that smoking while pregnant may be symptomatic of a certain lifestyle and norm-breaking behavior, which are likely to increase delinquency in the children (rather than the smoking itself being the direct causal agent). This is supported by the lack of a clear relationship between the amount of smoking and the amount of delinquency as well as the fact that the sons of women who had stopped smoking during the first trimester of the pregnancy had only a slightly smaller incidence of delinquency than the sons of women who had continued to smoke. A)In this research study, the dependent variable is B) The independent variable is
A Finnish study followed the development of 5,966 boys beginning before their birth and found that the incidence of delinquency (as defined by a criminal record by the age of 22) was more than doubled among the sons (10.3 percent) of women who smoked during their pregnancies compared with the sons (4.6 percent) of women who did not. One theory is that smoking while pregnant may be symptomatic of a certain lifestyle and norm-breaking behavior, which are likely to increase delinquency in the children (rather than the smoking itself being the direct causal agent). This is supported by the lack of a clear relationship between the amount of smoking and the amount of delinquency as well as the fact that the sons of women who had stopped smoking during the first trimester of the pregnancy had only a slightly smaller incidence of delinquency than the sons of women who had continued to smoke.
A)In this research study, the dependent variable is
B) The independent variable is
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
