A fine sand sample is placed into a permeameter that supplies a constant head of 100 cm of water. Water flows through the sample area of 20 cm2, and its length of 25 cm. If 850 ml of water is collected in 80 seconds, what is the hydraulic conductivity, kHYD in cm/s? a) Calculate the flow rate in cm3/s if the head is increased to 140 cm.

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Principles of Seepage

In hydrology, when water flows down in a pore or crack of unsaturated soil due to gravity, the deep layer of soil is called seepage. It is the slow movement of water in the soil layer. Seepage is mainly found near hydraulic structures and is responsible for the stability of earthen-type hydraulic structures.