a) Find the short-run equilibrium (i.e. the real output and the price level thereof) of this economy. b) If the natural level of output is 3500, which one will be higher, the unemployment rate at point A, or the natural unemployment rate? Explain. c) Give two reasons as to why the short-run aggregate supply is upward sloping.
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- Suppose Chino is a closed economy. A large portion of the work force has joint astrong labor union. As such, the nominal wages of most workers are downwardrigid.Suppose most households lose their wealth in a recent clash of the stock market.How would the price and output level of Chino be affected in the short run?Explain by using the AD-AS model. Particularly, use the sticky-wage model ofaggregate supply to explain the magnitude of the effects on price and output.Brent, the international oil marker, hit US$130 a barrel on 8th March 2022. The oil price is close to 90 per cent above their level at the same point in time last year. Suppose that the rise in oil price is permanent. It creates an inflation shock and, at the same time, reduces potential output. With the aid of AD-AS model, show the difference in the effects of the oil price increase on output and the inflation rate in the long run if the government does not engage in stabilization policy and if the government does engage in stabilization policy to keep the inflation level low. Please elaborate your answer verbally.Immigration and inflation: Suppose a large number of new immigrants enterthe labor market. Assume this increase in the supply of labor provides a dragon wage increases: wages rise by less than the prevailing rate of infation overthe next year. Use the short-run model to explain how the economy respondsto this change.
- 4. An increase in productivity will likely cause downward, and have an ambiguous effect on the _(AS / AD) curve to shift _(AS / AD) curve. 5. Suppose an economy is characterized by the equations below: Price setting: P= (1+ m \w /A) Wage setting: W = A°P*(1– u) Write down an expression for the equilibrium unemployment rate if P* = P but A does not necessarily equal A. Now suppose that expectations of both prices and productivity are accurate. If the markup (m) is equal to 5%, the natural rate of unemployment is4Consider a baseline long run equilibrium where output is 22 trillion dollars, and the price level is 100. Note: In the Long Run Steady State Equilibrium, Price expectation is the same as price level & unemployment is 5% or lower. None of these are guaranteed in the short run. Usually, short run equilibrium is called an underemployment equilibrium.Starting from the baseline, suppose COVID 19 hits this economy. If this disease only makes workers sick (everything else remaining constant) A Keynesian Macroeconomist proposes the use of a massive expansionary fiscal policy. Step 1) What will be the shape of the Phillips Curve (Upward / Downward/ Vertical/Horizontal). I want you to think about what variable is measured on the horizontal axis of the Phillips Curve Graph and what variable is measured in the Phillips Curve Vertical axis. Then tell us what it means to say that Phillips Curve is upward or downward sloping or vertical or horizontal Step 2) why did this policy create a…Describe the full employment macroeconomic equilibrium in the As-AD model. what would happen on the AS-AD model of the government put forward and pass 2 trillion dollarinfrastructure plan?what has happened to the equilibrium output and price level ?what gap would be created ?how does the economy respond to this gap? what has happened to the equilibrium output and price level due to part five?
- [Diagram required] An economy is in long run equilibrium with AD = 700 – 0.25p and ASO 0.25p - w + 500. The wage rate is w = 500. Now AS = 0.75p – w + 500. Be prepared to upload an AD/AS/LAS diagram showing all short-run and long-run equilibria: A, C, D. In the long run, D, the new wage will be equal to: |LRAS Inflation SRAS 3 SRAS 2 IT 3 SRAS 0,1 TT 2 AD1 ADO Y, = Y3 Y 2 Y1 Refer to the above diagram. In looking at the shape of the LRAS, in the long run, we can assume that both input prices and output prices are flexible. True FalseUse the AS-AD model to analyze the impact on the U.S. economy as a result of each of the listed events. Mention if AD and/or AS shift and in which direction. Also explain what the country will experience with respect to increase or decrease in short-run equilibrium real GDP and increase or decrease in the equilibrium price level. For each event, assume that the economy is originally in a full- employment equilibrium, mention if in the new equilibrium there is a recessionary gap or an inflationary gap. A) Congress raises income taxes. B) The Federal Reserve decreases the target for the federal funds rate. C) Migration to the US increases the working- age population. DJ Appreciation in the international value of the dollar.
- In a recent press conference of the Federal Reserve of the United States2, Chairman Powellincluded the following as part of the description of the economic situation in the US: “Bottlenecks and supply chain disruptions are limiting how quickly production can respond to the rebound in demand in the near term. As a result, overall inflation is running well above our 2 percent longer-run goal.” How can this situation be represented by the AD-AS framework (i.e. how have AD and AS curves shifted?) If the bottlenecks and supply chain disruptions are just temporary, what are expected to happen?Starting from the natural rate of output and the natural rate of unemployment, show the short run and medium run effect of a decrease in government spending, assuming there's no change in productivity on AS-AD and PC graphsThe outbreak of COVID-19 adversely attacks most economies. Some economists argue that the impacts on the macroeconomy mainly come from (i) the reduction in consumption and investment appetite, while others believe that the impacts mainly come from (ii) the immediate destruction of the supply-chain and production. Last Year This Year Annualized economic growth rate 4% -6% Unemployment rate 5% 8% Inflation rate 2% 5% Using an AD-AS model, explain whether argument (i) or (ii) above fits better to the case of Country X, and briefly discuss one plausible short-run dilemma facing the central bank of Country X.