A filter cake of calcium carbonate contained in a tray is to be dried by cross-circulation from the top surface. Each tray is 2.5 cm high with an area of 1.5 m2 and is completely filled with 73 kg of wet filter cake having a water content of 30% on the dry basis. The heating medium is air at 1 atm and 170°F with a relative humidity of 10%. The average velocity of the air passing across the wet solid is 4 m/s. Estimate the time in hours to reach the experimentally determined, critical-moisture content (end of the constant-rate period) of 10% on the dry basis, if the preheat period is neglected.

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Hazard Analysis and Design in Chemical Engineering

Hazard is the intrinsic property of a material or process which harms the people, buildings, or environment. Health, safety, hazard, risk assessment, loss prevention, and environmental consideration play an important role while designing a chemical processing plant. Hazard is often confused with risk. Risk measures the magnitude of loss and injury of likelihood incidents or the consequence and frequency of incidents.