A field compaction control test was conducted on a compacted lift. The mass of the material removed from the hole was 1814 g and the volume of the hole was found to be 944 cm³ (via either sand-cone or rubber-balloon method). A small sample of the soil removed from the hole lost 15 g after oven drying, and the mass remaining after drying was 100 g. The laboratory control test (Proctor) results are shown below. (A) If end-product (compacted soil) specifications require 100% relative compaction and moisture content between (optimum - 3%) and (optimum + 1%), determine the acceptability of the field compaction work and state why this is so. (B) If found not acceptable, what should be done to improve the compaction so that it will meet the required end-product (compacted soil) specifications? Simply add a brief (one or two-line) statement. (5) 1.8 1.7 1.6 5 10 1 15 w (%) 20 25

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Soil Compaction Test

Soil compaction is the major area of geotechnical engineering. Soil is composed of multiple pores present on its surface, while the soil is mainly composed of gravel, sand, rocks, etc. The arrangement of these rocks and gravels is such that they build up voids (spaces) between them, which allows spaces for the roots of the plants and crops to spread and absorb the required amount of nutrients. Soil compaction is a major problem primarily caused by human activities, micro-organisms, and other multiple factors.