A father is in the cardiac intensive care unit holding the hand of his 1-week-old daughter. After discharge, the mother and father noted that the baby had rapid breathing and was a poor eater. Her color was mottled with crying and she seemed to sweat when distressed. They took the baby back to the pediatrician's office for a weight check and were immediately transported to a local children's hospital for cardiac evaluation. The parents believe they are responsible because the mother did not receive medical care during her pregnancy. This baby is their third child, and they did not have medical insurance after the father lost his job. Worried about how they are going to pay the medical bills, they met with financial counselors who are assisting them with information and filing paperwork. Because both parents are high-school dropouts, neither reads well and they struggle to understand their daughter's diagnosis of TOF. Consisting of four defects, TOF is a congenital cardiac defect that: 1. Requires increasing cardiac workload and the efficiency of heart function. 2. Allows desaturated blood to enter the systemic system without passing through the lungs. 3. Causes shunting from the left side of the heart to the right side with outflow obstruction. 4. Increases pulmonary blood flow, allowing shunting of blood and leading to pulmonary hypertension.
Histology
Histology is the microanatomy method and a branch of biology that studies the anatomy of tissues. It includes viewing tissue in a magnified view under the microscope. Microanatomy also includes the process of study of organs called organology and the study of cells called cytology. Histopathology is a branch of biology that includes microscopic identification of diseased tissue. The field of histology comprises the preparation of the tissues and collection of cells as specimens for examination under the microscope. These processes are done by technicians like histologists, histotechnicians, and biomedical scientists. Histopathology is the diagnosis and research of tissue diseases that require the examination of tissues and/or cells under a microscope. Histopathologists are in charge of determining tissue diagnosis and assisting clinicians in managing a patient's care.
Endocrine System
Human body functions due to the collective work of the organ systems. One of them is the endocrine system. It is a chemical messenger system constituting the hormones directly released by the endocrine glands into the circulatory system. The study of this system is known as endocrinology. The word 'endon' means inside, and 'crine' means secrete, making the word "endocrine."
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