A drug company spernds millions creating a newcholesterol-lowering drug, but when the results of clinical testing come in they show that the drug had no effect. In fact, the drug does reduce cholesterol. What type of error was made by the drug company in their tests? What does this mean for the consumer? The consumer get a chance to use this medication, even though it have been effective.
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- Cindy, a financial analyst is studying the relationship between family decisions to borrow money to finance a child’s education and the child’s expected income after graduation. To aid the study, 440 randomly selected families were surveyed with the results provided below. At alpha =0.01, can you conclude that the decision to borrow money is related to a child’s expected income after graduation? Expected income More Likely Less Likely Did not make a difference Did not consider it Less than $20,000 37 10 22 25 $20,000-$45000 28 12 15 16 $45000-$70000 55 9 65 48 Greater than $70000 36 1 29 32 What is the degrees of freedom? What is the critical value? Leave your answers in 4 decimal places The degrees of freedom is and the P- value is .Dr. S. Oberman has the research hypothesis that drivers who have consumed one drink are actually slightly better (score higher on a driving test) than drivers who have had no alcohol. (One drink, she believes, makes them relaxed and not as nervous.) She tests this by having subjects take a standard driving test. We know that completely sober, college-student drivers score an average of 75 on this test, where high scores mean better driving. Dr. S. Oberman's null hypothesis is: [note: Ho means mu, the population mean according to the null hypothesis] Ho is equal to 0 Po is less than 0 Po is not known, nor can it be known Ho is equal to (or less than) 75 Po is greater than 75Age and obesity are the two strongest risk factors for treatment resistant hypertension (TRH), prompting many doctors to predict that as our population ages and gets heavier, the incidence of this unhealthy condition will increase. Suppose you have a new drug that you think will reduce TRH. Seven patients who have been diagnosed with high blood pressure volunteer for your study. They have their diastolic pressure measured before they take the drug, and after the drug has been administered and has had time to have an effect. The table below shows the result of your study. Does your new drug reduce blood pressure? Use alpha =.05. Identify the Independent variable and the dependent variable in the study. State the Null hypothesis and the alternative hypotheses. Using APA format, report your findings using the variables in the study. Patient Before Drug After Drug 1…
- Sleep apnea is a condition in which the sufferers stop breathing momentarily while they are asleep. This condition results in lack of sleep and extreme fatigue during waking hours. A current estimate is that 9.7 million out of the 312.7million Americans suffer from sleep apnea, or approximately 3.1%A safety commission is concerned about the percentage of commercial truck drivers who suffer from sleep apnea. They do not have any reason to believe that it would be higher or lower than the population’s percentage. To test the claim that the percentage of commercial truck drivers who suffer from sleep apnea is not 3.1%, a simple random sample of 406commercial truck drivers is examined by a medical expert, who concludes that 55 suffer from sleep apnea. Does this evidence support the claim that the percentage of commercial truck drivers who suffer from sleep apnea is not 3.1%?Use a 0.05 level of significance. Step 3 of 3 : Draw a conclusion and interpret the decision.You develop a new vaccine for HPV and want to know if the effectiveness is different in men and women (biology note: there are many, many viruses which can cause HPV symptoms). You give the vaccine to 45 men and 63 women. After several years you find that 12 men came down with HPV and 27 women came down with HPV. Is there a difference in effectiveness between men and women? Again, give both the test statistic and the table value. Use α = 0.05 and make sure you give H0, H1, etc.. State your conclusionTuff Rubbers, a tire manufacturer, knows that 5% of the tires it produces are defective. To reduce the number of defective tires that make it to market, the manufacturer uses a special device to test each tire before shipping it out. The test will correctly detect a defective tire 97% of the time. However, the test will incorrectly indicate a good quality tire is defective 6% of the time. If the test indicates a tire is defective, the tire is recycled. Otherwise, the tire makes it to market. Let D represent the event a tire is defective, and T represent the event the test indicates a tire is defective. In each part of this question, express each probability only in terms of the events D and T and justify any computation by explicitly stating the formula you are using. (a) Express each of the three probabilities listed above in terms of the events D and T. (b) What percentage of tires are recycled? (c) What percentage of recycled tires are not defective? (d) What percentage of…
- A special education teacher did research on whether or not there is a relationship between the number of students in his class and the number incidents of “acting out” behaviors exhibited by the autistic students in the classroom. He collects data for a year and aggregates them by month. He obtained the statistics below, r= -.863 R2=.74 b= -1.212294 a= 131.176598 10.) How does the presence of more students affect the incidents in the class? a) as students are added the incidences increase b) as students are added the incidences decrease c) the number of students does not affect acting out d) the number of students caused more incidents How much of the variability of acting out is explained by the number of students in the class?___________You are concerned that nausea may be a side effect of Tamiflu, but you cannot just give Tamiflu to patients with the flu and say that nausea is a side effect if people become nauseous. This is because nausea is common for people who have the flu. From past studies you know that about 31% of people who get the flu experience nausea. You collected data on 2211 patients who were taking Tamiflu to relieve symtoms of the flu, and found that 741 experienced nausea. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the percentage of people who take Tamiflu for the relief of flu symtoms and experience nausea is greater than 31%.The owner of a small firm has just purchased a personal computer, which she expects will serve her for the next two years The owner has been told that she "must" buy a surge suppressor to provide protection for her new hardware against possible surges or variations in the electrical current, which have the capacity to damage the computer The amount of damage to the computer depends on the strength of the surge. It has been estimated that there is a 1% chance of incurring 350 dollar damage, 4% chance of incurring 200 dollar damage, and 10% chance of incurring 125 dollar damage from a surge within the next two years. An inexpensive suppressor, which would provide protection for only one surge, can be purchased. How much should the owner be willing to pay if she makes decisions on the basis of expected value? Expected value = Preview My Answers Submit Answers You have attempted this problem 0 times. You have unlimited attempts remaining.
- Early life corresponds to the first bacterial colonization of the digestive tract, creating a microbiome thought to play an important role in human development. What might be the effect of early exposure to antibiotics on children's development? One study followed 11,532 full-term babies all born in the county of Avon, United Kingdom, during 1991 and 1992. Exposures to antibiotics during infancy were recorded, along with measures of body mass at regular intervals over several years. The researchers found that antibiotic exposure during the first six months of life was associated with increased body mass later in childhood.You are supervising a clinical trial of a medicine that appears to have a serious side effect in about 5 % of patients. To determine the magnitude of the side effect to within 1 %, e.g. 5 +/- 1 %, how big does the clinical trial have to be? Show your work/how you figure it out.Scientists are interested in the placebo effect on adults with arthritis. They randomly choose 15 adults with arthritis and give them 2 treatments: effective drug and placebo for 1 week at different times. At the end of each week, the scientists ask the participants to rate their arthritic pain level on a scale of 1-5, where 1 is little pain and 5 is a lot of pain. The researchers then take the difference of their pain levels (affective drug - placebo). The data are below. 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, -1, 3, 1, 2, -1, 0, 1, -2, -1, -6 (a) Find the 5-number summary for the difference of arthritic pain levels. Minimum = Q₁ = Median = USE SALT Q3 = Maximum = (b) One of the conditions for inference for population mean difference of paired data is normality. Outliers within a data set cast a shadow of doubt upon the normality of the population distribution. Use the 5-number summary calculated in part (a) to determine if there are any outliers in the data set. Which of the values, if any, is an outlier…
