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a double-effect, natural-circulation evaporator for concentrating 2 tons of anhydrous caustic soda per hour from 10% to 50% aqueous solution. Steam is available at 10 psig. The availability of water is such that a maximum of 1,200 gpm of water may be devoted to the project. The average barometric pressure is 29.9 inches of mercury, and the feed liquor has a temperature of 160°F. Previous experience indicates that, with counter-current feed, the liquor strength in the second effect will be approximately 17.4% NaOH where the boiling point elevation is 11°F. Elevation of the boiling point of the 50% NaOH may be assumed at 77°F. Assume that all specific heats are 1.00 Btu/lb, neglecting the heat of solution. Radiation and venting losses will be 2%, and the heat transfer coefficients will be 400 and 300 Btu/hr/ft²-ºF for the 1st and 2nd effects, respectively. 1. Calculate the steam consumption of the evaporator in pounds per hour. 2. Calculate the heating surface required if the surface in each of the two bodies is equal.

a double-effect, natural-circulation evaporator for concentrating 2 tons of anhydrous caustic soda per hour from 10% to 50% aqueous solution. Steam is available at 10 psig. The availability of water is such that a maximum of 1,200 gpm of water may be devoted to the project. The average barometric pressure is 29.9 inches of mercury, and the feed liquor has a temperature of 160°F. Previous experience indicates that, with counter-current feed, the liquor strength in the second effect will be approximately 17.4% NaOH where the boiling point elevation is 11°F. Elevation of the boiling point of the 50% NaOH may be assumed at 77°F. Assume that all specific heats are 1.00 Btu/lb, neglecting the heat of solution. Radiation and venting losses will be 2%, and the heat transfer coefficients will be 400 and 300 Btu/hr/ft²-ºF for the 1st and 2nd effects, respectively. 1. Calculate the steam consumption of the evaporator in pounds per hour. 2. Calculate the heating surface required if the surface in each of the two bodies is equal.

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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a double-effect, natural-circulation evaporator for concentrating 2 tons of anhydrous caustic soda per hour from 10% to 50% aqueous solution. Steam is available at 10 psig. The availability of water is such that a maximum of 1,200 gpm of water may be devoted to the project. The average barometric pressure is 29.9 inches of mercury, and the feed liquor has a temperature of 160°F. Previous experience indicates that, with counter-current feed, the liquor strength in the second effect will be approximately 17.4% NaOH where the boiling point elevation is 11°F. Elevation of the boiling point of the 50% NaOH may be assumed at 77°F. Assume that all specific heats are 1.00 Btu/lb, neglecting the heat of solution. Radiation and venting losses will be 2%, and the heat transfer coefficients will be 400 and 300 Btu/hr/ft²-ºF for the 1st and 2nd effects, respectively. 1. Calculate the steam consumption of the evaporator in pounds per hour. 2. Calculate the heating surface required if the surface in each of the two bodies is equal.
Transcribed Image Text:a double-effect, natural-circulation evaporator for concentrating 2 tons of anhydrous caustic soda per hour from 10% to 50% aqueous solution. Steam is available at 10 psig. The availability of water is such that a maximum of 1,200 gpm of water may be devoted to the project. The average barometric pressure is 29.9 inches of mercury, and the feed liquor has a temperature of 160°F. Previous experience indicates that, with counter-current feed, the liquor strength in the second effect will be approximately 17.4% NaOH where the boiling point elevation is 11°F. Elevation of the boiling point of the 50% NaOH may be assumed at 77°F. Assume that all specific heats are 1.00 Btu/lb, neglecting the heat of solution. Radiation and venting losses will be 2%, and the heat transfer coefficients will be 400 and 300 Btu/hr/ft²-ºF for the 1st and 2nd effects, respectively. 1. Calculate the steam consumption of the evaporator in pounds per hour. 2. Calculate the heating surface required if the surface in each of the two bodies is equal.
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