Answered: A dissociation constant (Kd) is a…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

A dissociation constant (Kd) is a specific type of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components.

Select the correct answer:

a. True

b. False

Expert Solution

Step 1: Equilibrium Constant

An equilibrium constant depicts the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction.

Let's consider an equilibrium:

$a A + b B \to c C + d D$

The equilibrium constant (K) for the given reaction is expressed as:

$K = (X$ _C)c(X_D)d(X_A)a(X_B)b

where X_A , X_B , X_C and X_D represent equilibrium concentration, partial pressure or mole fraction of A, B, C and D respectively.

Step 2: Dissociation Constant

Let's consider the dissociation of acetic acid.

$C H_{3} C O O H ⇌ H^{+} + C H_{3} C O O^{-}$

The acid dissociation constant of acetic acid (K_d) is represented as:

$K_{d} = \frac{[H^{+}] [C H_{3} C O O^{-}]}{[C H_{3} C O O H]}$

where species under the third bracket represent equilibrium concentration.

As shown in step-1, K_d represents a type of equilibrium constant which indicates the favorability of dissociation of acetic acid.

Also, the dissociation equilibrium of acetic acid shows the dissociation of CH₃COOH into small constituent fragments H⁺ and CH₃COO^-.

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