a) Consider the substitution reaction shown below: n-Pr. Me Br Et organic product + H-Br H2O i) Predict whether the substitution mechanism is SN1 or SN2, rationalising your choice. ii) Draw a curly arrow mechanism that explains formation of the organic product. ii) With the aid of a diagram, rationalise the stereochemical outcome of the reaction. Provide a fully annotated Gibbs free energy diagram that describes the reaction. iv) With the aid of a diagram, discuss what stabilises the carbocation intermediate and what impact this has upon the rate of the reaction. v)
Reactions of Ethers
Ethers (R-O-R’) are compounds formed by replacing hydrogen atoms of an alcohol (R-OH compound) or a phenol (C6H5OH) by an aryl/ acyl group (functional group after removing single hydrogen from an aromatic ring). In this section, reaction, preparation and behavior of ethers are discussed in the context of organic chemistry.
Epoxides
Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic.
Williamson Ether Synthesis
An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction.
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