A circular tunnel discharging 0.23 cu. m./sec. needs repair at its invert. In order to undertake this work it will be necessary to isolate the area by means of two cofferdams, and pass the water through 28-in. steel pipes. If the difference in elevation between the water surface upstream of the cofferdam and the water surface downstream is 0.3 m., and the coefficients of head loss at the entrance and outlet of the pipe are 0.6 and 0.3, respectively, determine the number of pipes (use exact value shown by your calculation with 2 decimal points) needed to divert the discharge. Use f = 0.018. Length of pipe = 63 m. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.

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Storm Sewers and Detention

The storm drains system transports rainwater or stormwater and other runoff from roads, parking lots, and roof downpipes directly to nearby creeks, rivers, or the sea without any treatment.