A centrifugal pump takes brine from the bottom of a supply tank and delivers it into the bottom of another tank. The brine level in the discharge tank is 150 ft above that in the supply tank. The line between the tanks is 600 ft of 4-in. Schedule 40 commercial steel pipe. The flow rate is 400 gal/min. In the line are two gate valves, four standard tees, and four ells. The specific gravity of brine is 1.18, the viscosity of brine is 1.2 cP, and the energy cost is $400 per horsepower-year on a basis of 300 days per year. The overall efficiency of pump and motor is 60 %. What is the fanning friction factor, using the churchill equation? What is the loss factor for a wide open gate valve? What is he loss factor for a standard tee ?

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Applied Fluid Mechanics

A fluid is a substance that is continuously deformed by the application of shear stress. The rate of deformation of a fluid depends on its viscosity. The fluid tries to flow when it interacts with some other system.