A calculator is set on top of a book and the book is then pushed so that it slowly accelerates across a desk, taking the calculator with it. The person pushing the book does not touch the calculator. What type of force causes the calculator to accelerate? The calculator is accelerated by a static friction force caused by the book. O The calculator is accelerated by a kinetic friction force caused by the book. O The calculator is accelerated by a kinetic friction force applied by the person's hand. O The calculator is accelerated by a static friction force applied by the person's hand.

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### Understanding Friction and Force

#### Question:
A calculator is set on top of a book and the book is then pushed so that it slowly accelerates across a desk, taking the calculator with it. The person pushing the book does not touch the calculator. What type of force causes the calculator to accelerate?

#### Answer Choices:
1. The calculator is accelerated by a static friction force caused by the book.
2. The calculator is accelerated by a kinetic friction force caused by the book.
3. The calculator is accelerated by a kinetic friction force applied by the person's hand.
4. The calculator is accelerated by a static friction force applied by the person's hand.

### Explanation
When the book is pushed and starts to move, the calculator on top of it initially remains at rest relative to the book. The force that allows the calculator to accelerate along with the book is the **static friction force** between the book and the calculator.

#### Explanation of Terms:
- **Static Friction Force**: The friction that keeps an object at rest relative to another object until a force exceeds the limit of static friction, causing movement.
- **Kinetic Friction Force**: The friction between two objects that are already in relative motion.

Since the person is not touching the calculator, the frictional force responsible for moving the calculator must come from the book. The correct answer is:
- **The calculator is accelerated by a static friction force caused by the book.**

Understanding these principles is crucial in physics, especially in the study of motion and forces.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Friction and Force #### Question: A calculator is set on top of a book and the book is then pushed so that it slowly accelerates across a desk, taking the calculator with it. The person pushing the book does not touch the calculator. What type of force causes the calculator to accelerate? #### Answer Choices: 1. The calculator is accelerated by a static friction force caused by the book. 2. The calculator is accelerated by a kinetic friction force caused by the book. 3. The calculator is accelerated by a kinetic friction force applied by the person's hand. 4. The calculator is accelerated by a static friction force applied by the person's hand. ### Explanation When the book is pushed and starts to move, the calculator on top of it initially remains at rest relative to the book. The force that allows the calculator to accelerate along with the book is the **static friction force** between the book and the calculator. #### Explanation of Terms: - **Static Friction Force**: The friction that keeps an object at rest relative to another object until a force exceeds the limit of static friction, causing movement. - **Kinetic Friction Force**: The friction between two objects that are already in relative motion. Since the person is not touching the calculator, the frictional force responsible for moving the calculator must come from the book. The correct answer is: - **The calculator is accelerated by a static friction force caused by the book.** Understanding these principles is crucial in physics, especially in the study of motion and forces.
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