### Space Debris and Satellite CollisionsSpace debris left from old satellites and their launchers is becoming a hazard to other satellites.---#### (a) Calculate the speed in m/s of a satellite in an orbit 850 km above the Earth's surface.\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{m/s} \]---#### (b) Suppose a loose rivet is in an orbit of the same radius that intersects the satellite's orbit at an angle of 90° relative to Earth. What is the velocity in m/s of the rivet relative to the satellite just before striking it? (Enter the magnitude.)\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{m/s} \]---#### (c) Given the rivet is 4.00 mm in size, how long in seconds will its collision with the satellite last? (Assume the rivet is flattened like a pancake on the surface of the satellite during the collision.)\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{s} \]---#### (d) If its mass is 0.550 g, what is the average force in newtons it exerts on the satellite? (Enter the magnitude.)\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{N} \]---#### (e) How much energy in joules is generated by the collision? (The satellite's velocity does not change appreciably, because its mass is much greater than the rivet's.)\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{J} \]---

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(a) Calculate the speed in m/s of a satellite in an orbit 850 km above the Earth's surface. m/s (b) Suppose a loose rivet is in an orbit of the same radius that intersects the satellite's orbit at an angle of 90° relative to Earth. What is the velocity in m/s of the rivet relative to the satellite just before striking it? (Enter the magnitude.) m/s (c) Given the rivet is 4.00 mm in size, how long in seconds will its collision with the satellite last? (Assume the rivet is flattened like a pancake on the surface of the satellite during the collision.)

(a) Calculate the speed in m/s of a satellite in an orbit 850 km above the Earth's surface. m/s (b) Suppose a loose rivet is in an orbit of the same radius that intersects the satellite's orbit at an angle of 90° relative to Earth. What is the velocity in m/s of the rivet relative to the satellite just before striking it? (Enter the magnitude.) m/s (c) Given the rivet is 4.00 mm in size, how long in seconds will its collision with the satellite last? (Assume the rivet is flattened like a pancake on the surface of the satellite during the collision.)

Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781305116399

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter13: Universal Gravitation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13.80CP

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Concept explainers

Central Force

Central force is the force that acts along the center of mass of one body to the center of mass of another body. Its direction from or away from a point on a body to another is called the center of the force. Such forces include gravitational force between two massive objects or electrostatic forces between two charged particles. So from atoms to planets, the central forces play an important role in shaping our daily lives. One of the remarkable features of central forces is that they are conservative, i.e. the total energy of a central force system can always be expressed as a gradient of a potential energy function.

Question

### Space Debris and Satellite Collisions

Space debris left from old satellites and their launchers is becoming a hazard to other satellites.

---

#### (a) Calculate the speed in m/s of a satellite in an orbit 850 km above the Earth's surface.

\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{m/s} \]

---

#### (b) Suppose a loose rivet is in an orbit of the same radius that intersects the satellite's orbit at an angle of 90° relative to Earth. What is the velocity in m/s of the rivet relative to the satellite just before striking it? (Enter the magnitude.)

\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{m/s} \]

---

#### (c) Given the rivet is 4.00 mm in size, how long in seconds will its collision with the satellite last? (Assume the rivet is flattened like a pancake on the surface of the satellite during the collision.)

\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{s} \]

---

#### (d) If its mass is 0.550 g, what is the average force in newtons it exerts on the satellite? (Enter the magnitude.)

\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{N} \]

---

#### (e) How much energy in joules is generated by the collision? (The satellite's velocity does not change appreciably, because its mass is much greater than the rivet's.)

\[ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \, \text{J} \]

---

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Integrated Concepts Space debris left from old satellites and their launchers is becoming a hazard to other satellites. (a) Calculate the speed of a satellite in an orbit 900 km above Earth's surface. (b) Suppose a loose rivet is in an orbit of the same radius that intersects the satellite's orbit at an angle of 90° relative to Earth. What is the velocity of the rivet relative to the satellite just before striking it? (c) Given the rivet is 3.00 mm in size, how long will its collision with the satellite last? (d) If its mass is 0.500 g, what is the average force it exerts on the satellite? (e) How much energy in joules is generated by the collision? (The satellite's velocity does not change appreciably, because its mass is much greater than the rivet's.)
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