A boy kicked a ball that has a mass of 65.0 g. The boy's foot was in contact with the ball for only 0.00412 s. After the collusion, the ball leaves the boy's foot at a speed of 22.3 m/s. What is the magnitude of the average force exerted on the ball by the boy's foot?

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**Problem 3: Calculating the Average Force Exerted on a Ball**

A boy kicked a ball that has a mass of 65.0 g. The boy’s foot was in contact with the ball for only 0.00412 seconds. After the collision, the ball leaves the boy’s foot at a speed of 22.3 m/s. What is the magnitude of the average force exerted on the ball by the boy's foot?

---

To solve this problem, you'll need to apply the concepts of impulse and momentum. The impulse experienced by an object is equal to the change in momentum, and can also be calculated as the product of the average force and the time duration for which the force acts.

### Steps to Calculate the Average Force:

1. **Convert the mass** from grams to kilograms:  
   - \( 65.0 \, \text{g} = 0.065 \, \text{kg} \)

2. **Calculate the initial momentum**:  
   - The initial velocity is 0 m/s (since the ball was at rest before being kicked).
   - Initial momentum = \( \text{mass} \times \text{initial velocity} = 0.065 \, \text{kg} \times 0 \, \text{m/s} = 0 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s} \)

3. **Calculate the final momentum**:  
   - Final velocity = 22.3 m/s
   - Final momentum = \( 0.065 \, \text{kg} \times 22.3 \, \text{m/s} \)

4. **Determine the change in momentum**:  
   - Change in momentum = Final momentum - Initial momentum

5. **Use the impulse-momentum theorem**:  
   - Impulse = Change in momentum = Average force \(\times\) time duration
   - Solve for average force:  
     \[
     \text{Average Force} = \frac{\text{Change in momentum}}{\text{time duration}}
     \]

By following these steps, you'll be able to calculate the magnitude of the average force exerted on the ball by the boy's foot.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem 3: Calculating the Average Force Exerted on a Ball** A boy kicked a ball that has a mass of 65.0 g. The boy’s foot was in contact with the ball for only 0.00412 seconds. After the collision, the ball leaves the boy’s foot at a speed of 22.3 m/s. What is the magnitude of the average force exerted on the ball by the boy's foot? --- To solve this problem, you'll need to apply the concepts of impulse and momentum. The impulse experienced by an object is equal to the change in momentum, and can also be calculated as the product of the average force and the time duration for which the force acts. ### Steps to Calculate the Average Force: 1. **Convert the mass** from grams to kilograms: - \( 65.0 \, \text{g} = 0.065 \, \text{kg} \) 2. **Calculate the initial momentum**: - The initial velocity is 0 m/s (since the ball was at rest before being kicked). - Initial momentum = \( \text{mass} \times \text{initial velocity} = 0.065 \, \text{kg} \times 0 \, \text{m/s} = 0 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s} \) 3. **Calculate the final momentum**: - Final velocity = 22.3 m/s - Final momentum = \( 0.065 \, \text{kg} \times 22.3 \, \text{m/s} \) 4. **Determine the change in momentum**: - Change in momentum = Final momentum - Initial momentum 5. **Use the impulse-momentum theorem**: - Impulse = Change in momentum = Average force \(\times\) time duration - Solve for average force: \[ \text{Average Force} = \frac{\text{Change in momentum}}{\text{time duration}} \] By following these steps, you'll be able to calculate the magnitude of the average force exerted on the ball by the boy's foot.
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