A box contains 5 identical white marbles and 4 identical black marbles. 4 marbles are taken from the box and arranged in a row. How many ways can the marbles be arranged?
Permutations and Combinations
If there are 5 dishes, they can be relished in any order at a time. In permutation, it should be in a particular order. In combination, the order does not matter. Take 3 letters a, b, and c. The possible ways of pairing any two letters are ab, bc, ac, ba, cb and ca. It is in a particular order. So, this can be called the permutation of a, b, and c. But if the order does not matter then ab is the same as ba. Similarly, bc is the same as cb and ac is the same as ca. Here the list has ab, bc, and ac alone. This can be called the combination of a, b, and c.
Counting Theory
The fundamental counting principle is a rule that is used to count the total number of possible outcomes in a given situation.
![a) A box contains 5 identical white marbles and 4 identical black marbles. 4 marbles are
taken from the box and arranged in a row. How many ways can the marbles be arranged?
b) 14 empty bottles of similar shape and size are labelled with a number from 1 to 14. In how
many ways can
(i) 7 bottles be selected such that 4 are labelled with odd numbers and the rest with even
numbers?
(ii) 5 bottles be arranged in a row such that the first 3 bottles are labelled with odd
numbers and the other two with even numbers?
Answer: a) 16 , b) i. 1225, ii. 8820](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fe9ae79ea-5449-4aca-838b-4982c8c5d619%2F2705c3c5-c7eb-4001-bf7c-7b7fef54fb5e%2Fe5nr146_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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