A block with mass 3.5 kg is on a frictionless ramp with a spring at the bottom that has a spring constant of 460 N/m. The angle of the ramp is 39", M Starting at rest the block slides down the ramp a distance of 67 cm before hitting the spring. How far in centimeters is the spring compressed as the block comes to a momentary rest? After the block comes to rest the spring pushes the block back up the ramp. How fast in meters per second is the block moving right after it comes off the spring? What is the change in gravitational potential energy (in joules) between the original position of the block at the top of the ramp and the position of the block when the spring is fully compressed?

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### Physics Problem: Block on a Frictionless Ramp

#### Problem Statement:
A block with mass 3.5 kg is on a frictionless ramp with a spring at the bottom that has a spring constant of 460 N/m. The angle of the ramp is 39°.

#### Diagram Explanation:
The diagram shows a ramp inclined at an angle θ (39°) from the horizontal. A block of mass "m" is initially positioned at a distance "d" from the spring at the bottom of the ramp.

#### Questions:
1. **Compression of the Spring:**
   - The block slides down the ramp a distance of 67 cm before hitting the spring. Calculate how far in centimeters the spring is compressed when the block comes to a momentary rest.

2. **Speed of the Block:**
   - After the block comes to rest, the spring pushes the block back up the ramp. Determine the speed of the block in meters per second as it moves up the ramp after it comes off the spring.

3. **Change in Gravitational Potential Energy:**
   - Calculate the change in gravitational potential energy (in joules) between the original position of the block at the top of the ramp and its position when the spring is fully compressed.

#### Key Concepts:
- **Spring Compression:** Use the principle of conservation of energy to find the compression distance.
- **Kinematics and Energy:** Consider gravitational potential energy and spring potential energy.
- **Potential Energy Change:** Calculate using the formula \( \Delta U = mgh \).

#### Relevant Equations:
- Hooke’s Law for springs: \( F = -kx \)
- Potential energy of spring: \( U = \frac{1}{2}kx^2 \)
- Gravitational potential energy: \( U = mgh \)
- Energy conservation: \( \text{Initial Potential Energy} = \text{Spring Potential Energy} \) + \text{Kinetic Energy (if any)} 

These concepts will help analyze the motion and forces involved in the problem.
Transcribed Image Text:### Physics Problem: Block on a Frictionless Ramp #### Problem Statement: A block with mass 3.5 kg is on a frictionless ramp with a spring at the bottom that has a spring constant of 460 N/m. The angle of the ramp is 39°. #### Diagram Explanation: The diagram shows a ramp inclined at an angle θ (39°) from the horizontal. A block of mass "m" is initially positioned at a distance "d" from the spring at the bottom of the ramp. #### Questions: 1. **Compression of the Spring:** - The block slides down the ramp a distance of 67 cm before hitting the spring. Calculate how far in centimeters the spring is compressed when the block comes to a momentary rest. 2. **Speed of the Block:** - After the block comes to rest, the spring pushes the block back up the ramp. Determine the speed of the block in meters per second as it moves up the ramp after it comes off the spring. 3. **Change in Gravitational Potential Energy:** - Calculate the change in gravitational potential energy (in joules) between the original position of the block at the top of the ramp and its position when the spring is fully compressed. #### Key Concepts: - **Spring Compression:** Use the principle of conservation of energy to find the compression distance. - **Kinematics and Energy:** Consider gravitational potential energy and spring potential energy. - **Potential Energy Change:** Calculate using the formula \( \Delta U = mgh \). #### Relevant Equations: - Hooke’s Law for springs: \( F = -kx \) - Potential energy of spring: \( U = \frac{1}{2}kx^2 \) - Gravitational potential energy: \( U = mgh \) - Energy conservation: \( \text{Initial Potential Energy} = \text{Spring Potential Energy} \) + \text{Kinetic Energy (if any)} These concepts will help analyze the motion and forces involved in the problem.
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