A B Y Given that YIB and ZIB, what conclusion can be made?

Although Pythagoras preceded William Shakespeare by 2,000 years, the philosophy of the Pythagoreans is mentioned in Shakespears The Merchant of Venice. Here is a quote from that play: Thou almost makst me waver in my faith, To hold opinion will Pythagoras, That souls of animals infuse themselves Into the trunks of men. Research the Pythagoreans. What were the main beliefs held by their society? What part of the philosophy of the Pythagoreans was Shakespeare referring to specifically with this quote? What present-day religions share a similar belief? Write a paragraph or two about your findings.

When can a theorem be cited as a reason reason in a proof?

Which part Given or Prove of the proof depends upon the a hypothesis of theorem? b conclusion of theorem?

11. (See Exercise 10.) According to Definition 5.29, is defined in by if and only if . Show that if and only if . 10. An ordered field is an ordered integral domain that is also a field. In the quotient field of an ordered integral domain define by . Prove that is a set of positive elements for and hence, that is an ordered field. Definition 5.29 Greater than Let be an ordered integral domain with as the set of positive elements. The relation greater than, denoted by is defined on elements and of by if and only if . The symbol is read “greater than.” Similarly, is read “less than.” We define if and only if. As direct consequences of the definition, we have if and only if and if and only if . The three properties of in definition 5.28 translate at once into the following properties of in . If and then . If and then . For each one and only one of the following statements is true: . The other basic properties of are stated in the next theorem. We prove the first two and leave the proofs of the others as exercises.