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4.6 The aqueous solutions of three compounds are shown in
the diagrams. Identify each compound as a nonelectrolyte,
a weak electrolyte, or a strong electrolyte.
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- +) b) H30 H2O(a) Write the chemical equation for the complete combustion of butane. (b) Why is it not advisable to use a butane stove inside a tent?(1) A metal that gets covered with a protective film of its oxide (Al, Cu, Ag)(2) A metal which burns in air with golden flame (Zn, K, Na)(3) A metal which can displace hydrogen from boiling water as well as steam (K, Zn, Fe)
- 4. True or False (1) Chlorine demand is the difference between total chlorine and free chlorine (2) In raw wastewater samples, most of nitrogen is in the form of nitrate. (3) If 10 mg/L of NH3-N is converted to nitrate, the nitrate concentration is 10 mg/L as N. (4) Free chlorine consists of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite. (5) Chloramines is a weaker disinfectant than free chlorine. (6) Na2HPO4 contributes to the orthophosphates. (7) For phosphorus analysis, the purpose of the autoclave is to kill the phosphorus bacteria which interferes colorimetric analysis. (8) Chloride is an effective disinfectant for water and wastewater treatment. (9) "Crown" corrosion is caused by the corrosive action of H₂SO4. (10) Breakpoint chlorination can be used for removal of ammonia.(d) Ethene a hydrocarbon can be produced from the cracking of decane. Write a balanced equation to illustrate the process.(a) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the combustion of 1 mol of benzene, C6H6(l), to CO2(g) and H2O(l).(b) Compare the quantity of heat produced by combustion of 1.00 g propane with that produced by 1.00 g benzene.
- 2 (a) In this investigation, you will use a polystyrene-cup calorimter to determine the amount of heat released during acid-base neutralization reactions. Find information in your textbook, an encyclopedia, or a web site about calorimetry. Sketch the apparatus for a polystrene-cup calorimeter. (b) For more precise heat of reaction measurnments, chemists use a device called bomb calorimeter. How is a bomb calorimeter similar to and different from a polystyrene-cup calorimeter?3.5818. (a) Molecule N₂H4 (1) + 2 H₂O2 (1) → N2(g) + 4 H₂O (1) Complete the following table: Lewis Dot Structure (use dots or lines to show bonds) (b) (c) (d) N₂H4 H₂O2 N₂ H₂O Calculate the AH°rxn using average bond energies (Table 9.4 in textbook) Calculate the AH°rxn using the standard enthalpies of formation (Appendix 2 in textbook) Why are these two values slightly different?
- (a) Convert 41.3 L atm to kcal. (Use dimensional analysis) (b) Convert –279.67°F to K. (C)The standard enthalpy of formation of O(g) is 249 kJ/mol.Calculate the wavelength (in nm) of the electromagnetic radiation with the minimum amount of energy required for dissociation of one molecule of oxygen gas.2. An experiment was carried out to determine the enthalpy change of combustion of propan-1-ol. The experimental set-up was shown below. a beaker water (500.0 cm³) propan-1-ol (a) Write the equation for the complete combustion of propan-1-ol (C;H¬OH). (b) Give a suggestion to the above set-up so as to minimize heat loss to the surroundings. (c) Burning 2.88 g of propan-1-ol caused the temperature of 500.0 cm³ of water to rise by 46.0°C. Calculate the enthalpy change of combustion of propan-1-ol. (Assume that the specific heat capacity and the density of water are 4.2 J g- K-l and 1.0 g cm- respectively.) (Molar mass of propan-1-ol: 60 g) -3 (d) The enthalpy change obtained in (c) cannot be called as 'standard enthalpy change'. Explain why.Aspirin can be made in the laboratory by reacting acetic anhydride (C4H6O3) with salicylic acid (C7H6O3) to form aspirin (C9H8O4) and acetic acid (C2H4O2). The balanced equation is:C4H6O3+C7H6O3→C9H8O4+C2H4O2.In a laboratory synthesis, a student begins with 5.00 mL of acetic anhydride (density = 1.08 g / mL) and 2.08 g of salicylic acid. Once the reaction is complete, the student collects 2.17 g of aspirin. Determine the limiting reactant for the reaction. Express your answer as a chemical formula.