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(a) A relatively small amount of intermediate magma occurs in volcanic island arcs. Remembering that melting above the subducting slab produces mafic magma, explain the origin of the intermediate magma. (b) Much more intermediate magma erupts in continental volcanic arcs. Why?

(a) A relatively small amount of intermediate magma occurs in volcanic island arcs. Remembering that melting above the subducting slab produces mafic magma, explain the origin of the intermediate magma. (b) Much more intermediate magma erupts in continental volcanic arcs. Why?

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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EXERCISE 5.11 Origin of Intermediate Magmas in Subduction Zones Name: Section: Course: Date: Melting above a subducting slab produces mafic magma, as described above, yet intermediate rocks (andesite, diorite) are common in many subduction zones. Considering the magmatic processes discussed in section 5.4 and the difference between oceanic and continental lithosphere, explain how this intermediate magma forms. (a) A relatively small amount of intermediate magma occurs in volcanic island arcs. Remembering that melting above the subducting slab produces mafic magma, explain the origin of the intermediate magma. (b) Much more intermediate magma erupts in continental volcanic arcs. Why? 5.5.4 Plate-Tectonic Settings of Felsic Rocks (Granite and Rhyolite) Granite and rhyolite are most abundant on the continents-in continental volcanic arcs, continental collision zones, continental rifts, and continental hot spots. They form largely by partial melting of the upper (granitic) layer of continental litho- sphere and to a lesser extent by differentiation of mafic magmas. Some rhyolite and granite forms in subduction zones by differentiation of mafic and intermedi- ate magmas or by assimilation. Only very small amounts of felsic igneous rock are found in the oceans, mostly rhyolite in oceanic hot-spot islands, formed by extreme fractional crystallization. EXERCISE 5.12 Origin of Granite and Rhyolite in Continental Rifts
Transcribed Image Text:EXERCISE 5.11 Origin of Intermediate Magmas in Subduction Zones Name: Section: Course: Date: Melting above a subducting slab produces mafic magma, as described above, yet intermediate rocks (andesite, diorite) are common in many subduction zones. Considering the magmatic processes discussed in section 5.4 and the difference between oceanic and continental lithosphere, explain how this intermediate magma forms. (a) A relatively small amount of intermediate magma occurs in volcanic island arcs. Remembering that melting above the subducting slab produces mafic magma, explain the origin of the intermediate magma. (b) Much more intermediate magma erupts in continental volcanic arcs. Why? 5.5.4 Plate-Tectonic Settings of Felsic Rocks (Granite and Rhyolite) Granite and rhyolite are most abundant on the continents-in continental volcanic arcs, continental collision zones, continental rifts, and continental hot spots. They form largely by partial melting of the upper (granitic) layer of continental litho- sphere and to a lesser extent by differentiation of mafic magmas. Some rhyolite and granite forms in subduction zones by differentiation of mafic and intermedi- ate magmas or by assimilation. Only very small amounts of felsic igneous rock are found in the oceans, mostly rhyolite in oceanic hot-spot islands, formed by extreme fractional crystallization. EXERCISE 5.12 Origin of Granite and Rhyolite in Continental Rifts
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