a) A lightning strikes a 30-m unshielded over-head following parameters: Surge impedance of the tower 100 2 Surge impedance of lightning channel at tower top = 500 2 Tower-footing resistance = Tower height 30 m Cross-arm height = 27 m 10 2 %3D The lightning strike current is assumed to be a constant 30 kA for a duration of 20 us. The traveling wave propagation speed in the tower is 1.2 x 10 m/s. i) Determine the voltage reflection coefficients at tower top and tower foot. ii) Determine the time of travel from tower top to tower foot. iii) Determine the time of travel from cross arm to tower foot.

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Compensation Techniques

The compensation techniques are the methods that are employed in the electrical control systems to enhance the performance of the system. The performance are generally affected by the factors like lag in the compensating devices, slow response of the system of the components like sensors used in the control system. The basic compensation technique involves lag compensation, lead compensation or the combination of the both.