A 90-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 30 minutes after she fell while climbing the steps into her house. Physical examination shows tenderness over the right shin area. An x-ray of the right lower extremity shows a fracture of the tibia. A DEXA scan shows decreased bone density. Increased activity of which of the following cell types is the most likely cause of the decrease in bone mass in this patient? (A)Chondrocytes (B) Osteoblasts (C) Osteoclasts (D) Osteocytes (E) Osteoprogenitor cells
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- A type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells found in the red bone marrow is known as a/an __________________________. primary bone cancer Ewings sarcoma myeloma osteochondromaA chronic bone disease that is characterized by the abnormal breakdown of bone followed by abnormal bone formation is known as ____________. osteomalacia Pagets diseaseIn the histological study of diaphysis of the tubular bone: there are basophilic cells with synthesized synthesis organelles on the it surface under the fiber layer. These cells are involved in the regeneration of bone tissue. In what layer of diaphyseal are they located? * Periosteum O Layer of internal lamellas O Layer of external lamellas Bone matrix Osteogenic layer
- Renal failure will almost always result in the development of bone disorders. Briefly describe the reasons for renal osteodystrophy.Select all of the sentences below that correctly describe the role of minerals in healthy bone tissue and osteoporosis risk. Select all that apply. View Available Hint(s)for Part C Select all of the sentences below that correctly describe the role of minerals in healthy bone tissue and osteoporosis risk. Select all that apply. A)Sufficient intakes of magnesium and potassium are associated with increased bone health. B)Regular consumption of calcium during childhood and adolescence is related to lower bone mineral density in older adults. C)The most effective way to prevent loss of bone mass and elasticity is to maintain a high bone mineral density. D)Dramatic weight loss results in less stress placed on the bones, thereby improving bone mineral density. E)Weight-bearing exercise can help prevent osteoporosis and reduce the risk of falls and fractures.A 72-year-old female is brought to the emergency department due to severe pain in her left hip after a fall from stairs this morning. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for the past 45 years. Her only medication is enalapril for hypertension. On physical examination, the left leg is externally rotated and appears shorter than her right leg. An x-ray of pelvis shows a fracture of the neck of femur. Which of the following changes in bone is the most likely underlying cause of the patient's condition? Answers A - E A Accumulation of unmineralized osteoid B Haphazard laying down of bony lamellae C Loss of cortical bone mass and thinning of the trabeculae D Overgrowth of cortical bone and reduced marrow space E Subperiosteal bone resorption and cystic degeneration O O O
- Paget's disease of the bone SCENARIO At 2 pm on Wednesday 13th October 2021, Mr. Johnson reported to Victoria dental clinic nursery in Vista Bella with complaints of difficulty in chewing food as his teeth were not in contact during mastication. The patient has a history of swelling in the left and right maxillary posterior teeth region for the past 6 years. His vital signs read as follows, blood pressure 152/81, pulse 92, SpO2 94%, glucose 126mg/dl. Swollen areas were observed bilaterally around the cheeks and on the right portion of the forehead. The swollen areas began to show a gradual increase in size. Upon examining, more swollen areas were present when observing around the inner cheek areas bilaterally, which seemed to be rough and bone-like in consistency when palpating. The swollen areas had no movement and joined to the bone underneath. The area had an enlarged appearance. The contact between teeth was altered to the point where the enamel is no longer intact. As the swollen…Osteoporosis is described as “a remodeling imbalance”. Explain what that isMatch the following to their proper description (answers may be used more than once). Osteoblasts Bone matrix Osteoblasts Alkaline phosphatase Osteocytes Osteocytes Osteoclasts Osteoclasts Are derived from monocytes. Are enclosed singly in lacunae. Are large, motite cells with multiple nuclei. Consists of type I collagen fibers, proteoglycans, osteonectin, and other glycoproteins. Contact neighboring cells via long cytoplasmic processes and gap junctions. Creates locally a high concentration of phosphate ions that cause crystallization of calcium phosphate on matrix vesicles. Release small membrane-enclosed matrix vesicles that contain alkaline phosphatase and other enzymes. Synthesize the organic components of the bone matrix.
- Complete the following analogies. Collagen is to bone flexibility as [ Select ] ["hydroxyapetite", "calcitonin", "parathyroid hormone", "calcitriol", "cholecalciferol"] is to bone stiffness Osteoblasts is to osteogenesis as [ Select ] ["osteocytes", "osteoprogenitor cells", "osteoclasts", "osteosarcome", "chondrocytes", "fibroblasts"] is to osteolysisالعنوان Q4/ What is Osteoporosis disease? Explain the pharmacist role in giving the suitable prescriptions in that case ?A 65-year-old man comes to the physician with a chief complaint of low back pain for the past 6 months. Physical examination reveals coarse facial features and kyphosis. Laboratory studies show increased alkaline phosphatase. X-ray shows skull thickening with narrowing of foramina and bowing of femur and tibia. Representative bone biopsy findings are shown in the image attached. Which of the following complication is most likely to develop in this patient? Answers A-E A Amyloidosis JESTIONS B Osteosarcoma C Pulmonary embolism D Renal failure E Squamous cell carcinoma VERSION 2M.6.4 MacBook Pro Question #40 attachment CLOSE TOOLKIT Previous Next