A 100 Ibmol/h gas stream consisting of 35 mol% ammonia (NH3) and air is scrubbed with water to make a 5 mol% liquid product stream The temperature of the absorber is 80 °F, and the pressure is 14.7 psia (1 atm). The diagram below shows the unit operation which is a single equilibrium stage. Perform a DOF to show that the system is solvable, and calculate the flow rates and compositions of all streams. Equilibrium data is provided in the Table below. Vapor pressure NH3 (5 mol% in water, T- 80 °F). Vapor pressure water (T = 80 °F) 37.2 mmHg 26.2 mmHg vapor outlet Air! water-2 Variables Stream system Constraints Flow Composition Performance Material Balances 3 그 T= 80 °F P= 14.7 psia Absorber NHs, AiR Total Total ,=100 Ibmol/h Yoea=0.35 -1 iquid outlet wH3, H2O Xeg=0.05 Oz

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
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### Problem Description:
A 100 lbmol/h gas stream consisting of 35 mol% ammonia (NH₃) and is scrubbed with water to make a 5 mol% liquid product stream. The temperature of the absorber is 80°F, and the pressure is 14.7 psia (1 atm). The diagram below shows the unit operation which is a single equilibrium stage. Perform a Degrees of Freedom (DOF) analysis to show that the system is solvable, and calculate the flow rates and compositions of all streams. Equilibrium data is provided in the table below:

- **Vapor pressure NH₃ (5 mol% in water, T = 80°F):** 37.2 mmHg
- **Vapor pressure water (T = 80°F):** 26.2 mmHg

### Diagram:
- **Absorber setup:**
  - Input stream: gas (y₁=0.35 NH₃) at rate 100 lbmol/h
  - Output streams: vapor containing air and NH₃; liquid containing NH₃ and water

### Variables and Constraints:
- **Variables:**
  - Flow (2)
  - Composition (2)
  - Performance (1)
  - Material Balances (1)
  - **Total Variables = 6**

- **Constraints:**
  - Composition (equilibrium constraint)
  - Performance
  - Material Balances
  - **Total Constraints = 3**

### Equations and Calculations:

**Raoult’s Law:**
1. **For water (Y₀):**
   \[
   P \cdot Y_{H₂O} = P (1 - X_{NH₃})
   \]
   \[
   \Rightarrow Y_{H₂O} = \left(\frac{26.2}{760}\right) (1-0.05) = 0.0324
   \]

2. **For NH₃ (Y₁):**
   \[
   Y_{t} = 1 - 0.00245 - 0.0327 = 0.965
   \]
   \[
   N_{1} = (1 - Y_{NH₃₃}) \cdot N_{4} \cdot Y_{A,4}
   \]
   \[
   N_{1} = 100 \times \
Transcribed Image Text:### Problem Description: A 100 lbmol/h gas stream consisting of 35 mol% ammonia (NH₃) and is scrubbed with water to make a 5 mol% liquid product stream. The temperature of the absorber is 80°F, and the pressure is 14.7 psia (1 atm). The diagram below shows the unit operation which is a single equilibrium stage. Perform a Degrees of Freedom (DOF) analysis to show that the system is solvable, and calculate the flow rates and compositions of all streams. Equilibrium data is provided in the table below: - **Vapor pressure NH₃ (5 mol% in water, T = 80°F):** 37.2 mmHg - **Vapor pressure water (T = 80°F):** 26.2 mmHg ### Diagram: - **Absorber setup:** - Input stream: gas (y₁=0.35 NH₃) at rate 100 lbmol/h - Output streams: vapor containing air and NH₃; liquid containing NH₃ and water ### Variables and Constraints: - **Variables:** - Flow (2) - Composition (2) - Performance (1) - Material Balances (1) - **Total Variables = 6** - **Constraints:** - Composition (equilibrium constraint) - Performance - Material Balances - **Total Constraints = 3** ### Equations and Calculations: **Raoult’s Law:** 1. **For water (Y₀):** \[ P \cdot Y_{H₂O} = P (1 - X_{NH₃}) \] \[ \Rightarrow Y_{H₂O} = \left(\frac{26.2}{760}\right) (1-0.05) = 0.0324 \] 2. **For NH₃ (Y₁):** \[ Y_{t} = 1 - 0.00245 - 0.0327 = 0.965 \] \[ N_{1} = (1 - Y_{NH₃₃}) \cdot N_{4} \cdot Y_{A,4} \] \[ N_{1} = 100 \times \
**Transcription and Explanation for Educational Website**

---

**Flow Rate Calculation:**
\[ \Rightarrow 696.6 \, \text{lbmol/h} \]

---

**Stream Descriptions:**

1. **Stream 2:**
   - Assume pure water; no composition specified.

2. **Stream 1:**
   - Completely defined with composition and flow rate.

3. **Stream 4:**
   - Unknown... What is leaving here?

4. **Stream 3:**
   - Composition is given; flow rate is not specified.

---

**Key Questions:**

- **5mol%**: Is this a performance parameter?
- Do we need to compute the H₂O material balance?
- How does the equilibrium relationship play into the Degrees of Freedom (DOF)?
- What is the overall material balance?
- Is **35mol%** a composition parameter?

This section outlines the essential queries and variables involved in analyzing material streams in a process system. Understanding and addressing these components is crucial for accurate system modeling and optimization.
Transcribed Image Text:**Transcription and Explanation for Educational Website** --- **Flow Rate Calculation:** \[ \Rightarrow 696.6 \, \text{lbmol/h} \] --- **Stream Descriptions:** 1. **Stream 2:** - Assume pure water; no composition specified. 2. **Stream 1:** - Completely defined with composition and flow rate. 3. **Stream 4:** - Unknown... What is leaving here? 4. **Stream 3:** - Composition is given; flow rate is not specified. --- **Key Questions:** - **5mol%**: Is this a performance parameter? - Do we need to compute the H₂O material balance? - How does the equilibrium relationship play into the Degrees of Freedom (DOF)? - What is the overall material balance? - Is **35mol%** a composition parameter? This section outlines the essential queries and variables involved in analyzing material streams in a process system. Understanding and addressing these components is crucial for accurate system modeling and optimization.
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