*9. ssm The preparation of homeopathic “remedies" involves the repeated dilution of solutions containing an active ingredient such as arsenic trioxide (As2O;). Suppose one begins with 18.0 g of arsenic tri- oxide dissolved in water, and repeatedly dilutes the solution with pure wa- ter, each dilution reducing the amount of arsenic trioxide remaining in the solution by a factor of 100. Assuming perfect mixing at each dilution, what is the maximum number of dilutions one may perform so that at least one molecule of arsenic trioxide remains in the diluted solution? For compari- son, homeopathic “remedies" are commonly diluted 15 or even 30 times.

*9. ssm The preparation of homeopathic “remedies" involves the repeated dilution of solutions containing an active ingredient such as arsenic trioxide (As2O;). Suppose one begins with 18.0 g of arsenic tri- oxide dissolved in water, and repeatedly dilutes the solution with pure wa- ter, each dilution reducing the amount of arsenic trioxide remaining in the solution by a factor of 100. Assuming perfect mixing at each dilution, what is the maximum number of dilutions one may perform so that at least one molecule of arsenic trioxide remains in the diluted solution? For compari- son, homeopathic “remedies" are commonly diluted 15 or even 30 times.

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337399074

Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Publisher:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Chapter13: Solutions And Their Behavior

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 104SCQ: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is commonly used to melt ice on roads during the winter. Calcium chloride...

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Sodium chloride (NaCl) is commonly used to melt ice on roads during the winter. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is sometimes used for this purpose too. Let us compare the effectiveness of equal masses of these two compounds in lowering the freezing point of water, by calculating the freezing point depression of solutions containing 200. g of each salt in 1.00 kg of water. (An advantage of CaCl2 is that it acts more quickly because it is hygroscopic, that is. it absorbs moisture from the air to give a solution and begin the process. A disadvantage is that this compound is more costly.)
A solution is made by dissolving 0.455 g of PbBr2 in 100 g of H2O at 50C. Based on the data in Table 8-1, should this solution be characterized as a. saturated or unsaturated b. dilute or concentrated
Calcium chloride, CaCl2, has been used to melt ice from roadways. Given that the saturated solution is 32% CaCl2 by mass, estimate the freezing point.
Which solute has the greatest effect on the boiling pointof 1.00 kg of water: 50.0 g of strontium chloride (SrCl2) or 150.0 g of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) ? Justify youranswer.
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Explain why the distinction between solute and solvent is not clear for some solutions.
Insulin is a hormone responsible for the regulation of glucose levels in the blood. An aqueous solution of insulin has an osmotic pressure of 2.5 mm Hg at 25C. It is prepared by dissolving 0.100 g of insulin in enough water to make 125 mL of solution. What is the molar mass of insulin?