Answers and explanations Political parties are key players in American politics. However, the Constitution does not mention political parties. In fact, many of the founders, including George Washington, distrusted permanent political parties, fearing that they would become too powerful.A cluster sample was conducted in randomly chosen cities across the United States to determine which issues were of greatest concern.**Questions:**a. What is the probability that a person is a Democrat primarily concerned about the budget?b. What is the probability that a Democrat is most concerned about the budget?c. Are party and issue mutually exclusive? Explain.d. Are party and issue independent? Explain.**Table: Concern by Issue and Political Party**| | Healthcare | Immigration | Budget ||---------------|------------|-------------|--------|| **Democrat** | 28 | 56 | 42 || **Republican**| 46 | 92 | 69 |The table provides data on the number of Democrats and Republicans concerned with Healthcare, Immigration, and the Budget.

Given table of democrats and republicans along with primarily concerns about as shown belowa)The total number of politicians =28+56+42+46+92+69=333The total number of Democrats primarily concerned about budget =42The probability that a democrat who is primarily concerned about the budget is =42333=0.1261(rounded to 4 decimal places). b)The total number of democrats =28+56+42=126The total number of Democrats primarily concerned about budget =42The probability that a politician is given that a democrat who is primarily concerned about the budget is =42126=0.3333(rounded to 4 decimal places).c)A particular politician either a democrat or republican will have only one primary concern. So political parties and concerns can exist together, so they are not considered mutually exclusive.for example, probability that a politician is a democrat and has a concern about the budget is 0.1261, for mutually exclusive events probability of intersection has to be 0, which is not the case. Thus the political parities and concerns are not mutually exclusive. d)For any two independent events A, BP(A ∩B)=P(A)×P(B) The probability that a politician is democrat =Total democratsToal politicians=126333=0.3784The probability that concern is budget =Total politicians with concern budgetTotal politicians=42+69333=0.3333 The probability that a politician is a democrat and the primary concern is about the budget is 0.1261, which is equal to the product of probability of a democrat and the probability that concern is budgetP(Democrat)×P(Budget)=0.3784×0.3333=0.1261 Thus the political parties and concerns are considered to be independent.