8th Grade Science STAAR Review Category 4: Organisms and Environment TEKS 8.10B investigate how organisms and populations in an ecosystem depend on and may compete for biotic and abiotic factors such as quantity of light, water, range of temperatures, or soil composition Readiness Standard Baleen whale Smaller toothed whales Sperm whales Penguins Elephant seal Leopard seal Oher seals Other birds Fish Carnivorous zooplankton Other herbivorous zooplankton Krill Phytoplankton 1. Which 3 organisms are in competition for carnivorous zooplankton? 2. How will the leopard seal population be affected if the penguin population declined? 3. Which would be more affected by a decrease in the krill population-"other seals" or "other birds"? Why? 4. Name 3 abiotic factors that the organisms in the food web above would compete for.

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### 8th Grade Science STAAR Review
#### Category 4: Organisms and Environment

**TEKS 8.10B** investigate how organisms and populations in an ecosystem depend on and may compete for biotic and abiotic factors such as quantity of light, water, range of temperatures, or soil composition **Readiness Standard**

---

### Food Web Diagram Description

The diagram illustrates a marine ecosystem food web comprised of various organisms and their interrelationships. Here's a detailed explanation of the food web components and their connections:

- **Phytoplankton**: At the base of the web, serving as primary producers.
- **Krill** and **Other herbivorous zooplankton**: Consume phytoplankton.
- **Fish**: Feed on krill and herbivorous zooplankton.
- **Other birds**: Eat fish.
- **Penguins**: Consume fish and krill.
- **Leopard seals**: Prey on penguins, other birds, and fish.
- **Other seals**: Feed on carnivorous zooplankton and fish.
- **Baleen Whale**: Consumes krill.
- **Sperm whales** and **Smaller toothed whales**: Eat krill and carnivorous zooplankton.
- **Elephant seals**: Prey on fish and squid.
- **Carnivorous zooplankton**: Feed on other smaller organisms.

### Study Questions

1. **Which 3 organisms are in competition for carnivorous zooplankton?**
   - Answer: Other seals, smaller toothed whales, and sperm whales are in competition for carnivorous zooplankton.

2. **How will the leopard seal population be affected if the penguin population declined?**
   - Answer: The leopard seal population would likely decrease if the penguin population declined, as penguins are a significant part of the leopard seal's diet. They would need to find alternative food sources or face increased competition for available prey.

3. **Which would be more affected by a decrease in the krill population – "other seals" or "other birds"? Why?**
   - Answer: Other seals would be more affected by a decrease in the krill population because they are directly dependent on krill for food, unlike other birds who do not primarily feed on krill.

4. **Name 3 abiotic factors that the organisms in the food
Transcribed Image Text:### 8th Grade Science STAAR Review #### Category 4: Organisms and Environment **TEKS 8.10B** investigate how organisms and populations in an ecosystem depend on and may compete for biotic and abiotic factors such as quantity of light, water, range of temperatures, or soil composition **Readiness Standard** --- ### Food Web Diagram Description The diagram illustrates a marine ecosystem food web comprised of various organisms and their interrelationships. Here's a detailed explanation of the food web components and their connections: - **Phytoplankton**: At the base of the web, serving as primary producers. - **Krill** and **Other herbivorous zooplankton**: Consume phytoplankton. - **Fish**: Feed on krill and herbivorous zooplankton. - **Other birds**: Eat fish. - **Penguins**: Consume fish and krill. - **Leopard seals**: Prey on penguins, other birds, and fish. - **Other seals**: Feed on carnivorous zooplankton and fish. - **Baleen Whale**: Consumes krill. - **Sperm whales** and **Smaller toothed whales**: Eat krill and carnivorous zooplankton. - **Elephant seals**: Prey on fish and squid. - **Carnivorous zooplankton**: Feed on other smaller organisms. ### Study Questions 1. **Which 3 organisms are in competition for carnivorous zooplankton?** - Answer: Other seals, smaller toothed whales, and sperm whales are in competition for carnivorous zooplankton. 2. **How will the leopard seal population be affected if the penguin population declined?** - Answer: The leopard seal population would likely decrease if the penguin population declined, as penguins are a significant part of the leopard seal's diet. They would need to find alternative food sources or face increased competition for available prey. 3. **Which would be more affected by a decrease in the krill population – "other seals" or "other birds"? Why?** - Answer: Other seals would be more affected by a decrease in the krill population because they are directly dependent on krill for food, unlike other birds who do not primarily feed on krill. 4. **Name 3 abiotic factors that the organisms in the food
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