8D.9 What is the ground state configuration of a Sc2+ ion? What levels arise from this configuration?Which of these levels lies lowest in energy?    Before solving the problem please also give a brief explanation of the concept or associated equation(s) and variables.

The first ionization energies of As and Se are 0.947 and 0.941 MJ/mol, respectively. Rationalize these values in terms of electron configurations.

Cesium was discovered in natural mineral waters in 1860 by R. W. Bunsen and G. R. Kirchhoff, using the spectroscope they invented in 1859. The name came from the Latin caesius ("sky blue") because of the prominent blue line observed for this element at 455.5 nm. Calculate the frequency and energy of a photon of this light.

For the following pairs of orbitals, indicate which is lower in energy in a many-electron atom. (a) 3d or 4s (b) 4f or 3d (c) 2s or 2P d) 4f or 4d

One bit of evidence that the quantum mechanical model is correct lies in the magnetic properties of matter. Atoms with unpaired electrons are attracted by magnetic fields and thus are said to exhibit pararamagnetism. The degree to which this effect is observed is directly related to the number of unpaired electrons present in the atom. Consider the ground-state electron configurations for Li, N, Ni, Te, Ba, and Hg. Which of these atoms would be expected to be paramagnetic, and how many unpaired electrons are present in each paramagnetic atom?

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a f subshell (l = 3)?

Which of the following sets of quantum numbers correctly represents a 4p orbital? (a) n = 4, = 0, m = 1 (b) n = 4, = 1, m = 0 (c) n = 4, = 2, m = 1 (d) n = 4, = 1, m =2

6.103 Atomic absorption spectroscopy is based on the atomic spectra of the elements being studied. It can be used to determine the impurities in a metal sample. If an element is present, light at the appropriate wavelength is absorbed. You are working with a metal stamping company and the rolled steel you use to form panels for automobile doors is failing at an alarming rate. There is some chance that the problem is unacceptably high levels of manganese in the steel. Given that the atomic spectrum of manganese has three lines near 403 nm, how could you use a spectrometer to determine the amount of manganese in the steel?