85 Fingerprint expertise. A study published in Psychological Science (August 2011) tested the accuracy of experts and novices in identifying fingerprints. Participants were pre- sented pairs of fingerprints and asked to judge whether the prints in each pair matched. The pairs were presented under three different conditions: prints from the same in- dividual (match condition), nonmatching but similar prints (similar distracter condition), and nonmatching and very dissimilar prints (nonsimilar distracter condition). The per- centages of correct decisions made by the two groups un- der each of the three conditions are listed in the table. Condition Match Similar Distracter Nonsimilar Distracter Fingerprint Experts 92.12% 99.32% 100% Novices 74.55% 44.82% 77.03% Source: Based on J. M. Tangen, M. B. Thompson, and D. J. McCarthy, "Identifying Fingerprint Expertise," Psychological Science, Vol. 22, No. 8, August 2011 (Figure 1). a. Given a pair of matched prints, what is the probability that an expert failed to identify the match? b. Given a pair of matched prints, what is the probability that a novice failed to identify the match? c. Assume the study included 10 participants, 5 experts and 5 novices. Suppose that a pair of matched prints was presented to a randomly selected study participant and the participant failed to identify the match. Is the participant more likely to be an expert or a novice?
85 Fingerprint expertise. A study published in Psychological Science (August 2011) tested the accuracy of experts and novices in identifying fingerprints. Participants were pre- sented pairs of fingerprints and asked to judge whether the prints in each pair matched. The pairs were presented under three different conditions: prints from the same in- dividual (match condition), nonmatching but similar prints (similar distracter condition), and nonmatching and very dissimilar prints (nonsimilar distracter condition). The per- centages of correct decisions made by the two groups un- der each of the three conditions are listed in the table. Condition Match Similar Distracter Nonsimilar Distracter Fingerprint Experts 92.12% 99.32% 100% Novices 74.55% 44.82% 77.03% Source: Based on J. M. Tangen, M. B. Thompson, and D. J. McCarthy, "Identifying Fingerprint Expertise," Psychological Science, Vol. 22, No. 8, August 2011 (Figure 1). a. Given a pair of matched prints, what is the probability that an expert failed to identify the match? b. Given a pair of matched prints, what is the probability that a novice failed to identify the match? c. Assume the study included 10 participants, 5 experts and 5 novices. Suppose that a pair of matched prints was presented to a randomly selected study participant and the participant failed to identify the match. Is the participant more likely to be an expert or a novice?
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Transcribed Image Text:185 Fingerprint expertise. A study published in Psychological
Science (August 2011) tested the accuracy of experts and
novices in identifying fingerprints. Participants were pre-
sented pairs of fingerprints and asked to judge whether
the prints in each pair matched. The pairs were presented
under three different conditions: prints from the same in-
dividual (match condition), nonmatching but similar prints
(similar distracter condition), and nonmatching and very
dissimilar prints (nonsimilar distracter condition). The per-
centages of correct decisions made by the two groups un-
der each of the three conditions are listed in the table.
Condition
Match
Similar
Distracter
Nonsimilar
Distracter
Fingerprint
Experts
92.12%
99.32%
100%
Novices
74.55%
44.82%
77.03%
Source: Based on J. M. Tangen, M. B. Thompson, and D. J. McCarthy,
"Identifying Fingerprint Expertise," Psychological Science, Vol. 22, No. 8,
August 2011 (Figure 1).
a. Given a pair of matched prints, what is the probability
that an expert failed to identify the match?
b. Given a pair of matched prints, what is the probability
that a novice failed to identify the match?
c. Assume the study included 10 participants, 5 experts
and 5 novices. Suppose that a pair of matched prints
was presented to a randomly selected study participant
and the participant failed to identify the match. Is the
participant more likely to be an expert or a novice?
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